History Paper 3: Weimar & Nazi Germany
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Origins of the Weimar Republic
1918
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What social and economic problems did the new government face in 1918?
Social - 600,000 widows, huge class divide
Economic - Income was 1/3, Industrial output was 2/3
Economic - Income was 1/3, Industrial output was 2/3
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What type of political parties started to grow because of those problems?
Extreme Parties - Both extreme left and right
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1) When did Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicate?
2) Why?
2) Why?
1) 9th Nov 1918
2) The attack on Germany would've continued
2) The attack on Germany would've continued
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1) When was the armistice signed?
2) What did people call the politicians who signed the armistice?
2) What did people call the politicians who signed the armistice?
1) 11th Nov 1918
2) The November Criminals
2) The November Criminals
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What was the 'Stab in the Back' myth?
People believe the German war effort was sabotaged
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Who became the first Weimar Republic president?
Friedrich Ebert
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What was a strength of the Weimar Constitution?
Democracy - everyone (men & women) could vote over the age of 20: unlike Britain
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What was a drawback to the Weimar Constitution?
- Article 48 could (and did) lead to abuse of power
- Proportional Representation led to coalition governments which meant slower decision making
- Proportional Representation led to coalition governments which meant slower decision making
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Early Challenges to the Weimar Republic
1918 - 1923
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Who were the Freikorps?
Right-wing paramilitary group
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Who were the Spartacists?
Left-wing communist group
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1) When was the Spartacist Uprising?
2) How was it crushed?
2) How was it crushed?
1) Jan 1919
2) With the help of the Freikorps, both Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg were killed
2) With the help of the Freikorps, both Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg were killed
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1) When was the Treaty of Versailles?
2) It was referred to as a'diktat'; what is a diktat?
2) It was referred to as a'diktat'; what is a diktat?
1) June 1919
2) A forced peace
2) A forced peace
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What were the treaty's terms?
G A R G Le
Guilt Clause
Armaments - soldiers reduced to 100,000 men
Reparations -£6.6 billion
German loss of land
League of Nations - formed in 1919
Guilt Clause
Armaments - soldiers reduced to 100,000 men
Reparations -£6.6 billion
German loss of land
League of Nations - formed in 1919
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Which of its terms would've angered the Freikorps the most?
Armaments reduction
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1) When was the Kapp Putsch?
2) How was it stopped
3) What were the court judges attitudes towards them?
2) How was it stopped
3) What were the court judges attitudes towards them?
1) March 1920
2) Workers in Berlin went on strike
3) Lenient - they were right-wing
2) Workers in Berlin went on strike
3) Lenient - they were right-wing
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How was it stopped?
Workers in Berlin went on strike
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What were the court judges attitudes towards them?
Lenient - they were right-wing
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1) Why did the French and Belgians enter the Ruhr?
2) When did they enter the Ruhr?
2) When did they enter the Ruhr?
1) Germany missed a reparation payment so they demanded raw resources as compensation
2) Jan 1923
2) Jan 1923
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What did the Weimar Republic tell the workers in the Ruhr to do in response?
Passive Resistance - don't extract anything so the troops have nothing to gain
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1) How did the government pay the workers?
2) What did this action (negatively) lead to?
2) What did this action (negatively) lead to?
1) Printed money
2) Hyperinflation - e.g. bread cost 200 billion marks in Nov 1923
2) Hyperinflation - e.g. bread cost 200 billion marks in Nov 1923
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1) Who benefited from hyperinflation?
2) Who was negatively impacted?
2) Who was negatively impacted?
1) People who were in debt could easily pay off their loans
2) (Fixed) pensioners, Middle class people with bank savings
2) (Fixed) pensioners, Middle class people with bank savings
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Recovery of the Republic
1924-1929
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1) Who became the Foreign Minister?
2) When?
2) When?
1) Gustav Stresemann
2) 1924
2) 1924
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What improvements did he make to foreign relations?
1925 - Locarno Pact: Demilitarised the Rhineland
1926 - Germany joined the League of Nations
1928 - Kellogg-Briand Pact: 62 countries agreed to avoid war
1926 - Germany joined the League of Nations
1928 - Kellogg-Briand Pact: 62 countries agreed to avoid war
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What improvements did he make to the economy?
1923 Rentenmark & Aug 1924 Reichsmark fixed hyperinflation
1924 Dawes Plan: reduced instalments to £50 million a year
1929 Young Plan: £6.6 billion down to £2 billion and extended until 1988
1924 Dawes Plan: reduced instalments to £50 million a year
1929 Young Plan: £6.6 billion down to £2 billion and extended until 1988
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1) When was Stresemann's death
2) Before his death, what was he so concerned about?
2) Before his death, what was he so concerned about?
1) Oct 1929
2) Germany's reliance on US loans
2) Germany's reliance on US loans
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Changes in society
1924 - 1929
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What was meant by a 'Golden Age'?
A period of greater freedom and better standards of living
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How much did wages rise by and from what years?
10% between 1925 and 1928
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1) How did housing improve?
2) What happened to unemployment?
2) What happened to unemployment?
1) Over 2 million houses were built 1924-1931
2) Reduced by 60% in 1928 and the unemployed received benefits of 60 rentenmarks per week
2) Reduced by 60% in 1928 and the unemployed received benefits of 60 rentenmarks per week
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1) How did German art and architecture improve?
2) What was a new type of art movement?
2) What was a new type of art movement?
1) Less censorship/more experimentation for people like Otto Dix and George Grosz
2) Bauhaus
2) Bauhaus
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1) How did women's lives improve?
2) How did it not improve?
2) How did it not improve?
1) Encouraged to go to university, women could vote from 1918, marriage was equal, greater independence
2) Women working dropped by 75% from 1918-1925, 'New Women' frowned upon, women didn't get high-status jobs
2) Women working dropped by 75% from 1918-1925, 'New Women' frowned upon, women didn't get high-status jobs
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Name a famous German film from this period
Metropolis/The Cat and the Canary
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Early Developments of the Nazi Party
1920-1922
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Who was the initial leader of the German Workers' Party?
Anton Drexler
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What were Hitler's 4 big ideas ending in '-ism'?
Nationalism, Antisemitism, Authoritarianism, Militarism
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What was the 25 point programme?
The German Workers' Party manifesto
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What were some points from the 25 Point Programme?
Scrap the Treaty, Lebensraum, No Jews allowed to be a German citizen, improved pensions
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1) Why did they change their name to the Nationalist Socialist German Workers' Party?
2) When did they do this?
2) When did they do this?
1) To appeal to both the left and right wing
2) 1920
2) 1920
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When did Hitler become its leader?
July 1921
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How many members did the Nazis have by 1920?
50,000
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What were the SA also known as?
Brown-shirts
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What did the SA do in the early days?
Disrupt opposition meetings
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The Munich Putsch and the Lean Years
1923-1929
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In what state was Munich in?
Bavaria
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1) Who was von Kahr?
2) Who was von Lossow?
3) Who was von Seisser?
4) Who was Ludendorff?
2) Who was von Lossow?
3) Who was von Seisser?
4) Who was Ludendorff?
1) Leader of the Bavarian state
2) Head of Bavarian army
3) Head of Bavarian police
4) A war hero
2) Head of Bavarian army
3) Head of Bavarian police
4) A war hero
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What is a putsch?
A revolt
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Why did Hitler think 1923 was the right time to carry out this putsch?
Hyperinflation so he'd receive support from the people
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What was the plan?
Walk to Berlin and other would join to overthrow the government
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What actually happened?
In Nov 1923, Ludendorff allowed the Bavarian leaders to leave then they proceeded to inform Berlin. The putsch was crushed
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1) What happened to Hitler?
2) Why were the judges not harsh on him?
3) What did Hitler write during this time?
2) Why were the judges not harsh on him?
3) What did Hitler write during this time?
1) 9 months in prison
2) Lenient because they were right-wing too
3) Mein Kampf and he later published it in July 1925
2) Lenient because they were right-wing too
3) Mein Kampf and he later published it in July 1925
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What some things Hitler gained from the Munich Putsch?
Hitler became a household name, Hitler learned his lesson and now planned to gain power through democracy
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Why was this period called the 'Lean Years'?
Although they got attention, they received no votes
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1) How many seats did they win in 1928?
2) Why weren't they winning votes?
2) Why weren't they winning votes?
1) 12 seats
2) Germany was doing better economically, the general public and the army preferred Hindenburg, Germany appeared strong internationally
2) Germany was doing better economically, the general public and the army preferred Hindenburg, Germany appeared strong internationally
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When did Hitler relaunch the Nazi Party?
February 1925
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1) What was the Bamberg Conference?
2) When was it?
2) When was it?
1) A meeting Hitler held to consolidate his power
2) Feb 1926
2) Feb 1926
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What were some ways Hitler changed the party after the putsch?
Set up the ** in Apr 1925, Set up the Hitler Youth July 1926 (by 1933 there were 100,000 members) , Divided Germany into Gauleiters for Nazis to appeal to the different districts, used flexible propaganda
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How many ** were there by 1930?
3,000
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Growth of support for the Nazis
1929-1932
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1) What happened in Oct 1929?
2) How did it affect Germany's economic recovery?
2) How did it affect Germany's economic recovery?
1) Wall Street Crash
2) They withdrew their loans
2) They withdrew their loans
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1) Why did businesses suffer?
2) What percentage of factory workers were unemployed?
2) What percentage of factory workers were unemployed?
1) Had to pay higher taxes to the government, no longer received US money
2) 40% by 1932
2) 40% by 1932
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1) What percentage of young people between 16 and 30 couldn't get a job?
2) How many were unemployed?
3) What percentage received no help from the government?
2) How many were unemployed?
3) What percentage received no help from the government?
1) 50%
2) 6 million
3) 15%
2) 6 million
3) 15%
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How many chancellors were there between 1928-1933?
4
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Who became chancellor in March 1930?
Heinrich Bruning
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How many seats did the Nazis win in Sept 1930?
107 seats
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How many seats did the Nazis win by July 1932?
230 seats
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1) Which other party gained from the Depression?
2) What percentage of votes did they win and when?
3) Why did they become popular?
2) What percentage of votes did they win and when?
3) Why did they become popular?
1) KPD (Communist party)
2) 15% in 1932
3) Greater unemployment, falling wages (15% lower compared to 1928)
2) 15% in 1932
3) Greater unemployment, falling wages (15% lower compared to 1928)
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Why did greater support for the Communists help the Nazis?
Big businessmen (like Benz and Krupps) and landowners feared their land being taken away so they supported Hitler
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Who was Josef Goebbels?
Minister of Enlightenment and Propaganda
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How many newspapers did the Nazis own?
120 - e.g. Volkischer Beobachter
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1) How many rallies did Hitler do each day?
2) How did Hitler campaign around Germany?
2) How did Hitler campaign around Germany?
1) 4/5
2) Aeroplane
2) Aeroplane
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1) How many people were in the SA by 1930?
2) How did the SA help the Nazis in elections
2) How did the SA help the Nazis in elections
1) 400,000
2) Tore down opposition posters, intimidated rivals
2) Tore down opposition posters, intimidated rivals
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Why was Hitler effective at campaigning?
Great speaker
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What were some reasons why the Nazis benefited from the Depression?
Effects on ordinary people, fear of communism, Hitler as a great speaker, the SA, the weakness of the Weimar Republic, Goebbels' propaganda
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The steps Hitler took to become Chancellor
1932-1933
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Who won the presidential election in May 1932?
Hindenburg
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What percentage of votes did Hitler win in this election?
36%
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1) When did Bruning resign as chancellor?
2) Why?
2) Why?
1) May 1932
2) He was unpopular because he wanted to ban the SA (which provided many jobs for the poor) and he wanted to buy land for the unemployed (which displeased the rich
2) He was unpopular because he wanted to ban the SA (which provided many jobs for the poor) and he wanted to buy land for the unemployed (which displeased the rich
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Who replaced Bruning?
von Papen
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Why did Hitler demand to be Chancellor in July 1932?
He had the most seats at 230
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How many seats do the Nazis win by Nov 1932?
196
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1) Who becomes chancellor in Dec 1932?
2) Why did Hindenburg put them in power?
2) Why did Hindenburg put them in power?
1) von Schleicher
2) He convinced him that if von Papen stayed in power, there would be a civil war
2) He convinced him that if von Papen stayed in power, there would be a civil war
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1) What did von Papen persuade Hindenburg to do?
2) When does Hindenburg's action take place?
2) When does Hindenburg's action take place?
1) Make Hitler become chancellor
2) Hindenburg makes Hitler chancellor on 30th Jan 1933
2) Hindenburg makes Hitler chancellor on 30th Jan 1933
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The creation of a dictatorship
1933-1934
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When were the next set of elections?
March 1933
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1) When was the Reichstag Fire?
2) Who was arrested?
3) Who did Hitler denounce for it?
4) Why?
2) Who was arrested?
3) Who did Hitler denounce for it?
4) Why?
1) 27th Feb 1933
2) Van der Lubbe
3) The communists
4) They rivalled his Nazi party for power
2) Van der Lubbe
3) The communists
4) They rivalled his Nazi party for power
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1) How many seats did Hitler win in March 1933?
2) Those seats weren't enough, how did Hitler gain enough to become the dominant party?
2) Those seats weren't enough, how did Hitler gain enough to become the dominant party?
1) 288
2) He convinced Hindenburg to pass the Decree for the Protection of People & State on 28th Feb 1933 so Hitler banned the communists and took their seats, intimidated voters with the SA, counted non-voters as Nazi voters
2) He convinced Hindenburg to pass the Decree for the Protection of People & State on 28th Feb 1933 so Hitler banned the communists and took their seats, intimidated voters with the SA, counted non-voters as Nazi voters
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1) He now had enough seats to pass the Enabling Act, what was it?
2) When was it passed?
2) When was it passed?
1) A decree which allowed Hitler to govern without the Reichstag
2) 23rd March 1933
2) 23rd March 1933
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What was the Nazification of Germany?
Gleichschaltung, removing potential opposition and making those in important positions loyal to Hitler
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1) What happened to trade unions?
2) When did it happen?
3) What happened in July 1933?
2) When did it happen?
3) What happened in July 1933?
1) They were banned
2) in May 1933
3) The Nazis become the only legal party in Germany
2) in May 1933
3) The Nazis become the only legal party in Germany
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What was created in April 1934?
The People's Court
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1) Who was in charge of the SA?
2) How many members were there by 1934?
3) How many soldiers were in the German army?
2) How many members were there by 1934?
3) How many soldiers were in the German army?
1) Ernst Rohm
2) 3 million members
3) 100,000
2) 3 million members
3) 100,000
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Why did Hitler consider Rohm a threat?
The SA were loyal to Rohm over Hitler
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1) When was the Night of Long Knives?
2) What happened?
3) Who carried out the murders?
4) Why was it a turning point?
2) What happened?
3) Who carried out the murders?
4) Why was it a turning point?
1) 30th June 1934
2) The SA and enemies of Hitler were killed (including Rohm)
3) The **
4) Showed his ruthlessness
2) The SA and enemies of Hitler were killed (including Rohm)
3) The **
4) Showed his ruthlessness
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1) When did Hindenburg die?
2) What did Hitler do to the position of Chancellor and President?
2) What did Hitler do to the position of Chancellor and President?
1) 2nd Aug 1934
2) He merged them into the 'Fuhrer'
2) He merged them into the 'Fuhrer'
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Who did the army swear an oath of allegiance to?
Hitler
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The Police State
1934 and onwards
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What is a police state?
A country that tightly controls the actions of people
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1) What was the Gestapo?
2) When was it set up?
3) What was the Gestapo Law?
4) What was a culture of denunciation?
2) When was it set up?
3) What was the Gestapo Law?
4) What was a culture of denunciation?
1) A secret police force
2) Apr 1933
3) They were made above the law
4) When people informed on each other to the Gestapo
2) Apr 1933
3) They were made above the law
4) When people informed on each other to the Gestapo
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Why was the Gestapo feared?
No one knew who was a civilian or who was part of the Gestapo
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1) Who was head of the **?
2) What did they do?
2) What did they do?
1) Heinrich Himmler
2) Personal guard of Hitler, terrorised German people
2) Personal guard of Hitler, terrorised German people
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1) How were the ** involved in camps?
2) When was the first concentration camp opened?
3) How is a concentration camp different to a death camp?
4) Who was sent to concentration camps?
5) How many camps were there by 1939?
2) When was the first concentration camp opened?
3) How is a concentration camp different to a death camp?
4) Who was sent to concentration camps?
5) How many camps were there by 1939?
1) They ran the concentration camps
2) 1933 in Dachau
3) Death camps had gas chambers
4) The Untermenschen and thepeople who threatened the Nazis
5) 6
2) 1933 in Dachau
3) Death camps had gas chambers
4) The Untermenschen and thepeople who threatened the Nazis
5) 6
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What did judges have to take in the People's Court?
Oath of loyalty to the Nazis
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1) What was the Concordat?
2) When was it agreed?
3) What did the Pope call Hitler in 1937?
4) What did Hitler do to Catholic priests?
2) When was it agreed?
3) What did the Pope call Hitler in 1937?
4) What did Hitler do to Catholic priests?
1) An agreement between the Catholic Church and the Nazis so the Church wouldn't speak out against the Nazis
2) July 1933
3) A mad prophet
4) He arrested them
2) July 1933
3) A mad prophet
4) He arrested them
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1) When was the Reich Church founded?
2) Who was its leader?
3) How many Protestant Churches belonged to it?
2) Who was its leader?
3) How many Protestant Churches belonged to it?
1) 1933
2) Ludwig Muller
3) 2000 churches
2) Ludwig Muller
3) 2000 churches
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1) Who founded the Confessional Church?
2) When was it founded?
3) How many Protestant Churches belonged it?
4) What happened to its leader?
2) When was it founded?
3) How many Protestant Churches belonged it?
4) What happened to its leader?
1) Martin Niemoller
2) 1934
3) 6,000 churches
4) Niemoller was put in a camp in 1937
2) 1934
3) 6,000 churches
4) Niemoller was put in a camp in 1937
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Controlling and influencing attitudes
1933 - 1939
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What is propaganda?
A way of persuading people to a certain point of view through the media
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What is a totalitarian state?
When the leader has total control over their people
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What is censorship?
When what media can show is limited by the government
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What was the Hitler myth?
Hitler was seen as a type of god
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Give some themes used in Nazi propaganda
Aryanism, Lebensraum, Hitler Myth, Traditional families, Arbeit und Brot (Work and bread), anti-communism, big families
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What was the name of the German radio?
The People's Receiver
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How many households had a radio by 1939?
70%
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What was celebrated every November?
The anniversary of the Munich Putsch
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What did the Reich Chamber of Culture do?
Controlled the work of musicians, writers, actors etc.
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1) Who was the main Nazi architect?
2) What type of buildings did Hitler admire?
3) Why did Hitler hate modern art?
2) What type of buildings did Hitler admire?
3) Why did Hitler hate modern art?
1) Albert Speer
2) Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman styles
3) He saw it as contaminated
2) Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman styles
3) He saw it as contaminated
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How many books were burned in 1933?
20,000
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What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Rally?
To spread propanda
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1) In what year was the Berlin Olympics?
2) What was the purpose of the Olympics?
2) What was the purpose of the Olympics?
1) 1936
2) To promote Germany's strength and show how much it had recovered under the Nazis
2) To promote Germany's strength and show how much it had recovered under the Nazis
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Opposition, resistance and conformity
`1933 - 1939
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Why was there limited opposition?
Propaganda, police state
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1) What were the Edelweiss Pirates?
2) How many were there by 1939?
3) How did they behave?
4) How many members did the Hitler youth have by 1939?
2) How many were there by 1939?
3) How did they behave?
4) How many members did the Hitler youth have by 1939?
1) A group of rebellious youths
2) 2,000
3) Sang songs that were banned, went on hikes, beat up people part of the Hitler youth
4) 8 million
2) 2,000
3) Sang songs that were banned, went on hikes, beat up people part of the Hitler youth
4) 8 million
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1) Who were the Swing Youth?
2) How did they behave?
3) What did they organise?
4) How many people attended these organised activities?
2) How did they behave?
3) What did they organise?
4) How many people attended these organised activities?
1) A middle class group of rebellious youths
2) Drank alcohol and smoked
3) Illegal dances
4) 6,000
2) Drank alcohol and smoked
3) Illegal dances
4) 6,000
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Why weren't either youth groups taken seriously?
They only posed cultural opposition rather than meaningful political opposition
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1) What 2 things did the Protestant Emergency League oppose?
2) How many pastors were sent to concentration camps?
2) How many pastors were sent to concentration camps?
1) - Nazi attempts to stop Jews from becoming Christians
- The Reich Church
2) 800
- The Reich Church
2) 800
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Nazi policies towards women
1933 - 1939
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What were the ''3 K's''?
Kinder (children), Kirche (Church), Küche (Kitchen)
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What was the Nazi ideal body shape of a woman and why?
Curvy with large hips to have children
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How were women expected to dress?
Traditional, rural and modest outfits
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1) What was the purpose of the German Women's
Enterprise of 1933?
2) How many members were there?
Enterprise of 1933?
2) How many members were there?
1) Made sure all women's organisations taught women the same thing
2) 6 million
2) 6 million
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1) What was the Lebensborn Programme of 1935?
2) How many women gave birth from this programme from 1938 - 1941?
2) How many women gave birth from this programme from 1938 - 1941?
1) Pure Aryan women had children with ** men
2) 540
2) 540
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Why were women awarded the Mother's Cross?
For having lots of children
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What did the Divorce Laws of 1938 state?
If a wife couldn't have children, her husband could divorce her
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What were the Marriage Loans?
Loaned 1,000 marks and kept a 1/4 for every child you had
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How many female students at university dropped out by 1939?
17,000 dropped to 6,000
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Why did women have to do a 'duty year' from 1937?
To prepare for war
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What percentage increase was there in births?
By 1936, a 30% increase
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Nazi policies towards the youth
1933 - 1939
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By 1939, it was made compulsory to join what?
A Hitler Youth group
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1) Which youth group did boys attend?
2) Give some example of activities they would do
2) Give some example of activities they would do
1) Hitler Youth
2) Shooting, military drill, hiking
2) Shooting, military drill, hiking
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1) What youth groups did girls attend?
2) Give some activities that they would do
2) Give some activities that they would do
1) League of German Maidens
2) Learning about babies/childcare, housework, sewing
2) Learning about babies/childcare, housework, sewing
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What percentage of children attended a youth group by 1936?
25%
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1) School teachers had to swear an oath of what?
2) What happened to Jewish teachers?
2) What happened to Jewish teachers?
1) Loyalty to the Nazis
2) They were sacked
2) They were sacked
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In 1935, Jewish children were banned from what?
Schools
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What does indoctrination mean?
Brainwashing
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Why did boys and girls attend separate schools?
The Nazis had different aims for them
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1) What percentage of the school timetable was
PE?
2) Why was it important for boys to do PE?
3) Why was it important for girls to do PE?
PE?
2) Why was it important for boys to do PE?
3) Why was it important for girls to do PE?
1) 15%
2) To become soldiers
3) To birth healthy children
2) To become soldiers
3) To birth healthy children
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What was the study of Eugenics?
Studying genes and who is ideal person to have a child with
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Employment and living standards
1933 - 1939
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What were the 3 Nazi Economic aims?
Reduce unemployment, improve standards of living, make Germany an autarky
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What was an autarky?
A self-sufficient country
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What was a job creation scheme?
A way of reducing unemployment by getting people to work on large projects
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1) What length of autobahns did they aim to build?
2) What else did they build?
2) What else did they build?
1) 7,000 km, by 1938 only a little over 3,000 km were built, over 125,000 men were involved
2) Public services - schools, hospitals
Sporting facilities - Olympic stadium
2) Public services - schools, hospitals
Sporting facilities - Olympic stadium
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What was the German Labour Front?
A Nazified Trade Union
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What was the Strength through Joy scheme?
Provided low-cost holidays from 27th Nov 1933
In 1938, > 10 million people had taken KdF holidays
In 1938, > 10 million people had taken KdF holidays
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What was the Beauty of Labour?
A scheme that was part of the Strength through Joy Programme which aimed to improve working conditions
Weekly wages in 1932 were 82 marks which rose to 109 marks in 1938
Weekly wages in 1932 were 82 marks which rose to 109 marks in 1938
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1) What was the Volkswagen Car Scheme?
2) Was it fair?
2) Was it fair?
1) 5 marks a week of workers' wages went towards obtaining a car
2) No - By 1939, no one had enough to buy the car and instead of getting compensation, the money went to the war effort
2) No - By 1939, no one had enough to buy the car and instead of getting compensation, the money went to the war effort
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1) When was conscription reintroduced?
2) How much did the army grow?
3) How much money was spent on armaments?
2) How much did the army grow?
3) How much money was spent on armaments?
1) 1935
2) In 1933 the army had 100,000 which then rose to 1.4 million by 1939
3) 26 billion marks by 1939
2) In 1933 the army had 100,000 which then rose to 1.4 million by 1939
3) 26 billion marks by 1939
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List some precise details proving the Nazis provided economic success
- Profits for big businesses rose by 50% from
1933 - 1939
- Average wages rose by 20% from 1933 - 1939
- > 10 million people by 1938 took KdF holidays
1933 - 1939
- Average wages rose by 20% from 1933 - 1939
- > 10 million people by 1938 took KdF holidays
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List some precise details proving the Nazis did not provide economic success
- Didn't account for invisible unemployment
- 20% of small businesses closed
- The Volkswagen con trick
- May 1933 Trade Unions were banned
-
- 20% of small businesses closed
- The Volkswagen con trick
- May 1933 Trade Unions were banned
-
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Persecution of minorities
1933 - 1939
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1) When was the first boycott of Jewish shops?
2) Was it successful?
2) Was it successful?
1) April 1933
2) No, most Germans ignored it
2) No, most Germans ignored it
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1) What were the Nuremberg Laws?
2) What were the names of the 2 laws?
3) When were they passed?
2) What were the names of the 2 laws?
3) When were they passed?
1) Laws which restricted the rights of Jews
2) Reich Law on citizenship and the Reich Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour
3) September 1935
2) Reich Law on citizenship and the Reich Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honour
3) September 1935
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1) When was Kristallnacht?
2) How many Jews were arrested?
2) How many Jews were arrested?
1) November 1938
2) 20,000
2) 20,000
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What was the name of the law which made sterilising certain people legal?
Law for the Prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring of July 1933, between 1934 - 1945, around 350,000 were compulsorily sterilised
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1) What was the name of the programme which killed babies with disabilities?
2) How many were killed?
2) How many were killed?
1) T4 Programme
2) 5,000
2) 5,000
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1) What did the Nazis call those who were
'undesirable'?
2) Give some examples
'undesirable'?
2) Give some examples
1) The Untermenschen
2) Homosexuals (threatened raising children), Gypsies (considered 'work-shy' and threatened the view of a stable home), Mentally/Physically disabled (threatened Aryans), Unemployed (threatened the autarky) and many more
2) Homosexuals (threatened raising children), Gypsies (considered 'work-shy' and threatened the view of a stable home), Mentally/Physically disabled (threatened Aryans), Unemployed (threatened the autarky) and many more
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What social and economic problems did the new government face in 1918?
Back
Social - 600,000 widows, huge class divide
Economic - Income was 1/3, Industrial output was 2/3
Economic - Income was 1/3, Industrial output was 2/3
Card 3
Front
What type of political parties started to grow because of those problems?
Back
Card 4
Front
1) When did Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicate?
2) Why?
2) Why?
Back
Card 5
Front
1) When was the armistice signed?
2) What did people call the politicians who signed the armistice?
2) What did people call the politicians who signed the armistice?
Back
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