Psychological processes affect the body. Immediate = stress, medium = obesity, long-term = disease. Biophysical. Immediate = changes in body, long-term = chronic disease.
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Chronic low-grade inflammation
Acute = activation of immune system to eliminate pathogens. Recognition/destroy pathogen, cytokines secreted, increase blood vessel permeability, rejection of disease tissue, regeneration of cells
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Bandura's social cognitive theory
2 determinants of behaviour: perceived self-efficacy and outcome expectations
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Health belief model
Fear appeal approach. Likelihood to perform health behaviour determined by perceoved health threat and perceived effectiveness
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Protection motivation theory
Fear appeal approah, similar to health belief. Perception of health info leads to 2 appraisal processes: threat-appraisal and coping-appraisal.
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Define affective and instrumental attitudes
Affective = is behaviour enjoyable? Instrumental = is behaviour beneficial
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Define injunctive and descriptive norms
Injunctive = do others encourage you to do behaviour? Descriptive = do others do behaviour?
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Continuum models
health behaviour determined by cog and affective variables, same intentions for everyone, intention-behaviour gap
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Dynamic stage models
different stages, different cog + affective processes for each stage. Interventions tailored to match current stage, goal = promotion to higher stages.. Objection - are there distinct stages?
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Processes involved in behaviour change
increasing awareness, emotional experience, awareness of environment, awareness of supportive environ. factors, self-assessment
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Health action process approach
hybrid model (both continuum and dynamic aspects) - continuum = planning as mediator btwn intentions+behaviour. Dynamic = distinction between phases
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Subcomponents of action control (3)
awareness of one's goals, monitoring of own behaviour, self-regulation
Stress is transaction between person+environ. Primary appraisal = cog evaluation of situation. Secondary = cog eval. of resources
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Conservation of resources theory
Objects, conditions, personal and energy resources. 4 corollaries = resource-rich less vulnerable to loss, cycle of loss/gain, fewer-resources use defensive strategies to get resources
Acute = activation of immune system to eliminate pathogens. Recognition/destroy pathogen, cytokines secreted, increase blood vessel permeability, rejection of disease tissue, regeneration of cells
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