Cells and Organelles-Diversity of Cell type

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  • Created by: jessica
  • Created on: 11-02-13 08:09
What are house keeping functions in cells?
THe cellular functions of all cell types.
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How are cells organized?
into tissues.-epithelia, nervous tissue, connective tissue, muscle, blood.
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What is differentiation?
A process that produces different cell types.
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How are embryotic stem cells directed?
By growth factors that determine differentiation.
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What type of stem cells are present in adults?
Pluripotent stem cells.
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What is apoptosis?
Programmed cell death
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What roles does apoptosis have?
Roles in embryogenesis, tissue homeostasis, damage limitation, control and functioning of the immune system.
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What are the two gene famillies involved in apoptosis?
BCL2 and Caspase
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What are the characterisitics of apoptosis?
Very quick process, Cell is swallowed up by macrophages.Membrane forms blobs/bubbles by packaging the organelles up.
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What protein sends out an eat me signal?
Phosphodioserine on the surface sends out an eat me signal.
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What is too little apoptosis associated with?
cancer, autoimmune disease, prolonged viral infection
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What is too much apoptosis associated with?
neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune disease, additional tissue damage and progession of AIDS.
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What are the different types of epithelia cells?
absorptive, ciliated, secretory
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What are the four main classes of cell surface receptors?
g protein coupled receptors, tyrosine-kinase linked receptors, ion channel receptors and receptors with intrinsic enzymatic activity.
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What are the 3 stages in skeletal myogenesis?
determination, proliferation, differentiation and cell fusion
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What does MEF stand for?
Muscle enhancing factor
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What are totipotent stem cells?
Stem cells that have the capability to produce every cell type in the body.
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What are pluripotent stem cells?
Stem cells that can generate embryonic tissues but not extra-embryonic tissues.
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What are multipotent stem cells?
Stem cells that can give rise to some types of differentiated cell.
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What are the master transcription factors?
Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog
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What is Sox2 necessary for?
multipotent neural stem cells.
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What are the types of connective tissue?
Collagens, glycosaminoglycan, proteoglycans, multiadhesive proteins and elastin
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How are cells organized?

Back

into tissues.-epithelia, nervous tissue, connective tissue, muscle, blood.

Card 3

Front

What is differentiation?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How are embryotic stem cells directed?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What type of stem cells are present in adults?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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