Graphics

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How would you protect a logo?
A trademark
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How would you protect an appearance of a product?
A registered design
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How would you protect the text and the diagrams?
Copyright
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What information does a design brief include?
1) What kind of product. 2) How it will be used. 3) The target market.
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In industry, who writes the design brief?
The Client
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What materials can be used for modelling?
Cardboard, paper, balsa wood, expanded polystyrene
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What's the difference between a mock-up and a prototype?
A prototype is full-scale and fully functioning whereas a mock-up doesn't function
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What is non-destructive testing?
When a product is tested without being damaged
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On a flow chart what shape are the decision boxes?
Diamond
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What type of paper is often used for felt-tip and marker pens?
bleed-proof paper
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What is the surface of cartridge paper like? What is it used for?
Textured and it is used for sketching.
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What properties do layout and tracing paper share?
They are translucent.
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What is the weight of paper measured in?
gsm (grams per square metre)
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What is the thickness of board measured in?
microns
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Why is Duplex Board ideal for food packaging?
Because it is unbleached.
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Why is cardboard environmentally friendly?
It is biodegradable.
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What size is A4 paper?
210x297mm
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Describe the structure of foam core board and what it is used for.
It's laminating polystyrene foam between cars and is used to make models/mount posters.
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To package foods, what should paper be laminated with?
Aluminium foil
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Why is destructive testing useful?
Because it lets you see the product's limits, i.e how and when it fails.
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What are working diagrams?
Drawings giving measurements, materials and construction details.
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What are the properties of paper and aluminium foil?
Keeps flavours in, keeps air out and graphics can be printed.
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What are spiral wound tubes and what are they used for?
Paper wound in a spiral and it is used for loo roll and wrapping paper.
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What are the benefits and costs of using thick board for packaging?
The benefits are it is very high quality but it is expensive.
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What does PMC stand for?
Precious metal clay
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What is a smart material?
A material which changes colour due to a change in stimulus.
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What smart material changes colour with a change in heat?
Thermochromic materials
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What plastic is used to wrap a product in a see-through packet?
acetate.
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What could you use to fill some small cracks in machining foam?
A plastic filler.
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What are the four stages in applying a filler?
1) Create a rough surface using sandpaper. 2) Wipe the dust off the surface. 3) Apply the filler and leave to dry. 4) Sand the filler to a smooth flat surface.
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What two finishes are popular?
Paints and Varnishes
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What are the 5 stages in preparing a surface to be finished?
1) Clean the surface. 2) Prime the surface. 3) Choose the finish. 4) Apply the finish in several thin layers. 5) Smooth the finish.
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Which pencil type is best for sketching?
HB
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What would you use to draw a 60degree angle?
Protractor
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What would you use to draw a circle?
Compasses
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What would you use to draw a curve?
French Curve
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What type of glue could stick two pieces of paper together?
Glue stick.
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What type of glue could stick photos onto card?
Aerosal eg Spray Mount
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What type of glue could stick paper to wood?
PVA
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What type of glue could stick your hands together?
Superglue
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What is one precaution that must be taken with a glue gun?
To not let the glue contact your skin.
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How could an assembled net be easily secured?
Using double-sided tape
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What protective covering could be added to an assembled model?
Sticky-back plastic
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What tool would cut a magazine in half?
A rotary cutter
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What would you use a hot-wire cutter for?
Cutting styrofoam
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What two pieces of safety equipment must be used when cutting card with a knife?
Safety rule and safety mat
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How would you attach a booklet to a display board?
With a drawing pin.
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Name two advantages of thread sewing.
Secure and luxurious.
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Name one disadvantage of thread sewing.
Expensive.
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What is freehand drawing?
Sketching with no equipment.
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What are the two main groups of colours?
Primary (red, blue and yellow) and secondary (orange, purple and green)
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What are complementary colours?
Colours which are opposite each other on the colour wheel.
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What are two calming colours?
Blue and Purple
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What is CMYK?
Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Key Black -> The 4 printing colours
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What is screen printing?
Adding colour in layers manually by pushing dye through a mesh
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What is colour fusion?
When tiny dots of colours really close together give the impression of a new colour
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Give two types of presentation drawing.
a 3D drawing and a working drawing
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What are the disadvantages of doing presentation drawings by hand?
Takes a long time, can sometimes be inaccurate
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Suggest two ways that CAD can manipulate designs.
Change of colour and addition of light and shadow effects
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What type of CAM machine could produce lettering for a plastic product?
A laser cutter.
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What CAM machine could encapsulate a menu?
A laminating machine
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Name two 3D drawing techniques.
2-point perspective and isometric
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At what angle are the lines for isometric drawing?
30degrees
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What units should dimensions for drawings be in?
mm
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What kind of drawing shows internal details of an object?
Sectional Drawings
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What type of drawing is good for self-assembly instructions?
Exploded drawings
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If something is drawn in a 1:2 scale, what does that mean?
The drawing is half the size of the real thing
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What is another name for a net?
Surface development
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What does CAM stand for?
Computer-aided manufacture
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What is a feedback loop used for in a flow chart?
Quality control
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Why do companies often use a logo?
So that their company becomes recognised by the public.
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What is a corporate identity?
The image it wants people to have of the company
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How could a company choose their materials in a morally responsible way?
Making sure they are recyclable/biodegradable.
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Outline the functions of packaging before the product reaches the shop shelves.
It must be transported -> protective packaging. It must be stored -> must be able to fit with other boxes and be strong.
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Describe two impacts of increased amounts of packaging.
Costs more for the manufacturer and damages the environment
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What are the 6 R's?
reduce, re-use, recycle, refuse, repair, re-think.
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What can copyright be used to protect?
Written, drawn and recorded work
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What does a trademark protect?
Symbols, logos and slogans
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What protects the shape and appearance of a design?
a 'registered design'
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What does a patent protect?
New inventions
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What is the main purpose of the Health and Safety at work Act?
To ensure that no employees are harmed or at risk.
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What safety precautions should be taken when using a hot wire cutter?
Too keep it away from your skin and from flammable substances
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What is risk assessment?
An evaluation carried out by an employer to identify and minimalise potential risks
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Give an example of a piece of CAD software
2D design
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Why is it a good idea to use CAD to design a product?
It allows designers to preview and modify their designs easily.
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What does CNC stand for?
Computer-numerically controlled
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Give two disadvantages of using CAD/CAM.
1) initial cost expensive. 2) workers require lots of training
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What is computer hardware?
e.g. keyboard, mouse, input and output devices
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What is computer software?
The computer programmes.
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Give an example of an input device.
A scanner.
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Give an example of an output device.
A printer and CAM machines.
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What are the three stages of a system?
Input, process, output
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Why is it important that quality checks are made?
So that the design is to the best quality and will keep the customer happy.
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Derek is cropping a photo to a size of 150mmx100mm, with a tolerance limit of +/-4mm. a) What's the smallest a photo can be? b) The largest?
a) 146 x 96mm b) 154 x 104mm
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Name three types of permanent fixing.
double-sided sticky pads, rachet rivets, snap rivets
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Which pencil type is best for technical drawing?
2H (hard pencil)
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What plastic is used for blister packaging?
Polyvinyl chloride
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What eco-friendly material could be used to make transparent boxes for cream cakes?
cornstarch polymers
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What eco-friendly material could be used to makes trays for sweetcorn?
potatopak
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What eco-friendly material could be used to make protective inserts in camera packaging?
Paper foam
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What are the two main types of polystyrene?
High-impact Polystyrene (boxes and vacuum forming) and Expanded Polystyrene (protective packaging and models)
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What plastic is easy to print on?
Polyvinyl Chloride
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What plastic is good for a model with flat surfaces and square edges?
Corrugated plastic sheet.
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What plastic would be used to make a model with smooth round corners and curved sides?
Machining foam
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What is meant by a 'gap in the market'?
An area where there aren't products available to meet people's needs.
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What is a target market?
The group of people that a product is aimed at
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What are the 5 stages of the product lifecycle?
Introduction ->Growth ->Maturity ->Evolution ->Decline
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What is Robert Sabuda associated with?
pop-up books
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What is built-in obsolescence?
When a product has been designed to break or go out of fashion after a certain time (so you have to buy a new one)
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Name an advantage of built-in onsolescence.
Profit for the company as people must buy replacements
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Name a disadvantage of built-in onsolescene.
more waste
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Why are some products designed for maintenance?
Because they would be difficult or inconvenient to fix e.e road signs
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Give examples of ergonomic considerations.
size+shape, typeface, colours, textures etc.
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What is anthropometric data?
measurements of humans
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Who redesigned the London underground map in the 1930s?
Harry Beck
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Why was Harry Beck's underground map different from other maps?
It was schematic and geometrical, not geographical
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Who designed innovative, modern kitchenware?
Alberto Alessi
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What are Kinnear and Calvert well-known for?
Designing road signs and the 'Transport' typeface
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Why do companies use a logo?
To help people recognise their brand
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What did Wally Olins do?
He was a brand consultant who made corporate identities for companies
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Give an advantage of one-off production.
Meets the customer's exact requirements
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Give a disadvantage of one-off production.
Expensive and time consuming
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What is batch production?
Where you repeatedly make a specific quantity of a product.
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What can be made using batch production?
leaflets, brochures, posters etc.
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What kind of product is made using continuous production?
newspapers and magazines
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What is a Just-In-Time system?
When the manufacturer gets the materials and components as they're needed and makes the product straight away
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Give an example of a product that uses vacuum formed packaging?
A mobile phone
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What product could be produced by blow-moulding?
Charity collection boxes
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Give an advantage of flexography over lithography?
It can print on a variety of surfaces.
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What types of printer are used for digital printing?
Inkjet and Laser
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What are the most suitable printing methods for T-shirts?
Screen Printing
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What are the most suitable printing methods for mugs with photos on?
Flexography
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What are the most suitable printing methods for high-quality photos?
Gravure
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How do you draw curved lines accurately?
French Curves
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What are the measurements of A6 paper?
148.5x105mm
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What does phosphorescant mean?
Glow in the dark
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What is a Trademark?
A distinctive symbol or logo containing company name or slogan - cannot be copied
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What is 'tolerance'?
An acceptable range of accuracy
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What is 'hydrochromic'?
Change colour when in contact with water
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What size is A5 paper?
148.5x210mm
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What did Wally Olins do?
Corporate Identity (Orange, BT, etc.)
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What is Cartridge paper?
Good quality white paper
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What are crop marks?
Marks which show where the printed sheet needs to be cut
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What's the purpose of a colour bar?
To check the density of the colours
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How can a product be improved by varnishing?
Makes it shiny
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How can a product be improved by laminating?
Makes it sturdy and long-lasting
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How can a product be improved by embossing?
Leaves a slightly raised impression on the surface
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How can a product be improved by foil blocking?
Prints foil onto certain parts of the product
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How would you protect an appearance of a product?

Back

A registered design

Card 3

Front

How would you protect the text and the diagrams?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What information does a design brief include?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

In industry, who writes the design brief?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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