Gladstone Social Reforms

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What did Forsters Education Act 1870 do?
Established primary schools but it didn't make it compulsory
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What two acts opened the door to equal opportunity for Catholics?
University Test Acts 1870, Oxford and Cambridge open to Catholics and Anglican privileges removed. Disestablishment of the Irish Church 1871, ended forced tax from Catholics to a protestant church. (Too late to impact political debate though)
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What were the 'merit' reforms of 1870?
Civil service reforms which allowed all positions to be based on merit and not on 'connections'. Cardwell's Army Reforms 1870 meant all officers appointed by merit/ability and not family name.
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What was the Irish Land Act 1870 and why did it fail?
Landlords required to pay £250 to those evicted unfairly. Tenants were also assisted in buying their holdings as government would supply 2/3's of the cost, this 'bright' clause was rarely used as few could afford the other 1/3
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What was the Trade Union Act 1871 and what undermined it at the same time?
Recognised trade unions as legal bodies and allowed to conduct strikes, the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1871 made even peaceful picketing illegal and therefore strikes were almost impossible.
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What was the licensing act 1872?
Gave magistrates power to shut down public houses, public houses had to close by midnight so workers could be ready for work the next morning. The adulteration of beer (which made consumers more thirsty so they drank more) was made illegal
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What was the main issue with this act?
Gladstone went too far in some eyes and not far enough in others, he failed to please either side as he sat on the fence with this act.
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What did the Coal Mines Act 1872 do?
Introduction of safety procedures such as wire ropes, better safety lamps, winding gear and fan ventilators. It also ensured all pit managers had proper certificate worthy training.
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In 1881 what did the Irish Land Act do?
Gave the Irish the 3 f's, fair rent, fixed tenure and free sale. The act also established land courts to decide on what 'fair rent' was defined as.
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Why was it too late?
In 1878 the Land League (Parnell) was established and did everything to stop the act working. The Irish question turned to Home Rule and so violence and mass evictions continued on for decades.
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What did the Education Act of 1881 do?
Attendance at primary school for children from 5 to 10 compulsory, parents had to pay 'school pence' of 3d but many poor parents couldn't afford it
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What act in 1882 allowed married women to continue as separate owners of property after marriage?
Married Women's Property Act
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What two acts opened the door to equal opportunity for Catholics?

Back

University Test Acts 1870, Oxford and Cambridge open to Catholics and Anglican privileges removed. Disestablishment of the Irish Church 1871, ended forced tax from Catholics to a protestant church. (Too late to impact political debate though)

Card 3

Front

What were the 'merit' reforms of 1870?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was the Irish Land Act 1870 and why did it fail?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was the Trade Union Act 1871 and what undermined it at the same time?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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