Geography- Urbanistion

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What is a megacity?
Settlements that have over 10 million people living in.
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What is urbanisation?
A process where an increasing proportion of the population move to towns and cities.
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What % of world is urban?
54%
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What % of UK is urban?
90%
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Causes of urbnisation?
Rural- urban migration; natural pop increase; better opportunities- jobs, education, shops, entertainment; improved standard of living.
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What is counter- urbanisation?
People moving away from towns and cities.
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What is a model?
A simplified version of the real world.
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What are the zones in MEDC cities?
CBD; inner city; inner suburbs; outer suburbs; rural- urban fringe.
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(Birmingham) MEDC problems?
Ethnic segregation; poor environment; crime; alcohol/ drugs; squatters; shops closing down; pollution
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Causes of decline of the CBD?
Online shopping; out of town retail/ business parks; recessions.
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What is redevelopment?
Rebuilding areas to make environment better; may involve changing main functions of area.
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What is revitalsing?
Giving new life to an area.
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What is regeneration?
Improving an area that had previously been experiencing decline.
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CBD in Birmingham decline?
Manufacturing/ factories closed down in 80s. Loss jobs and money; area look run down- derelict factories. New investors not want to go there..
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Birmingham regeneration inner city- Aston Pride:
£54 m funding; £8m for health center; 1, 328 into employment; local image improved; new sport center- £3.8 m.
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Birmingham regeneration inner city- Big City plan
£17billion! new technology institute; new metropolitan collage; 60,000 new homes;12,000 new jobs; improve environment.
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Birmingham regeneration inner city- Birmingham heartlands.
£300 m; 802 housing units; school + community facilities; star city leisure center; 4, 656 jobs; lower pop density in Bordesly village.
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Causes for increased housing demand:
40% brits love alone; ageing pop; smaller housing needed.
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Meeting housing demand in CBD:
Flats above shops; uni students residential halls; apartment blocks,
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Meeting housing demand in inner city:
Rebuilding old tower blocks; update terraced houses; derelict warehouses into housing.
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What is a brownfield site?
Clearing old industrial/ derelict land, that had PREVIOUSLY BEEN BUILT ON, and starting again from fresh.
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What is a greenfield site?
Building on agricultural/ UNDEVELOPED land, in country side, or suburban- rural fringe.
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What is ethnic segregation?
When people of a certain ethnicity live together in the same area.
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Why does ethnic segregation occur?
Same language, same religious needs, buy similar products, feel more secure- smaller discrimination chance, same beleifs
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Strategies for ethnic segregation
English language classes, hospitals with interpreters, government leaflets in different languages, cultural leaders go to council meetings.
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What is a squatter settlement?
a part of a city that people build using any materials they can find on land they don't own.
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What are advantages of Dharavi redevelopment scheme?
72,000 families re homed, plumbing, business attracted, improve education, better health.
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What are disadvantages of Dharavi redevelopment scheme?
28,000 families without home= new slum somewhere else, ugly high rises, destroy slum culture, 5-10 people get 21square meters, have to pay tax.
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Causes of water pollution in Mumbia?
Poor sewage infrastrucute, no formal waste disposal, River Mithi used to wash oil drums, waste from industries into Mithi
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Causes of air pollution in Mumbia?
Open fires, 23 million vehicles in 2014, congestion- high car emissions, few regulations of factory emissions.
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What is sustainable developed?
Meets the need of the people in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
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Sustainable development strategies?
Conserve historic and natural environment, provide open spaces, include locals in decision making.
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Where is BedZED?
South of London
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What has BedZED done?
Car sharing, electric car charging points, living roofs, wind cowls, triple glazing, south facing windows,collect/ recycle water, 60% waste recycled, reduced energy 25%
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A process where an increasing proportion of the population move to towns and cities.

Back

What is urbanisation?

Card 3

Front

54%

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

90%

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Rural- urban migration; natural pop increase; better opportunities- jobs, education, shops, entertainment; improved standard of living.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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