Genetics Definitions 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyDNA, genetics and evolutionASAQA Created by: kbowler12Created on: 04-11-16 15:31 Polynucleotide a linear polymer whose molecule is composed of many nucleotide units, constituting a section of a nucleic acid molecule. 1 of 27 Complimentary Base Pairs Whatever the sequence, these base pair are connected (A+T, C+G) 2 of 27 Histone Proteins They package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes 3 of 27 Chromatin Complex of DNA and proteins that forms chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. 4 of 27 Chromosomes Coiled and bundled chromatin 5 of 27 Chromatids Copy of a newly copied chromosome which is still joined to the other copy 6 of 27 Deoxyribonucleic Acid Carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction 7 of 27 Nucleotides Structures that make up DNA 8 of 27 Deoxyribose 5-Carbon or Pentose sugar 9 of 27 Nitrogenous Base Nitrogen containing molecule that has the same chemical properties as a base 10 of 27 RNA Ribonucleic acid 11 of 27 Purine 2 rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms 12 of 27 Pyrimidines Single ring of carbon and nitrogen 13 of 27 Phosphodiester Bonds Linkage between two deoxyribose or ribose sugars on adjacent nucleotides 14 of 27 Codon Group of 3 bases coding for an amino acid 15 of 27 Genetic Code Meaning of the codon (What the codon codes for) 16 of 27 Degenerate More than one codon for an amino acid 17 of 27 Non-overlapping Each codon only codes for one amino acid 18 of 27 Punctuation Codes Found at the start and end of a sequence. ("Start" signal and three "Stop" signals. They do not code for an amino acid) 19 of 27 Universal Code Same base sequence always codes for the same amino acid, regardless of species 20 of 27 Centromere The point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fibre during cell division. 21 of 27 Gametes Sex cells 22 of 27 Recessive Gene Not visible when the dominant gene is present 23 of 27 Homozygous Two of the same allele 24 of 27 Heterozygous Two different alleles 25 of 27 Allele Different version of the same gene 26 of 27 Double Helix Pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis, discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 27 of 27
Genetic information, variation and relationships between organisms AQA AS Biology PART 3 of 6 TOPICS: Genetic diversity and adaptation 5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating Teacher recommended
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