attracts and accepts e-. neutral/postively charged species with empty orbital to accept e-.
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what is nucleophile, general examples?
electron donor, negively charged/lone pair of e-/pi orbitals
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describe SN1 mechanism
one molecule in rds. atom/species breaks off. intermidaate carboation.nucleophile attacks
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describe SN2 mechanism
two molecules in rds. nucleophile attacks and species breaks off at same time-bond breaks and forms at same time
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best structure for SN1? why
tertiary. 1. hyperconjugation-stablisation of carbocation through its groups. 2. planar shape means nucleophile can readily attack
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best structure for SN2?
primary/methyl-nucleophile hindered via physical repulion with more groups
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what is hyperconjugation?where is it seen in SN2?
stabilisation of compounds/ions through e- of subsituent atoms. stablisation of transition state compound in SN2
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differences in SN1 vs SN2 4
1. steric hindernace drives SN1 due to stabiliastion of cation- prevents SN2 2.nucleophile important in SN2 but not SN1. 3.SN1 prefers polar solvents while SN2 prefers less polar solvents
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similarity in SN1 and SN2 1
leaving group important in both- ie its bond strength
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what is electrophile, general examples?
Back
attracts and accepts e-. neutral/postively charged species with empty orbital to accept e-.
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