Families and Households Key Terms

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Age
The biological basis for age groups, age describes the journey between birth and death years
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• Ascribed status
a social position fixed at birth, a position that is very hard to change by one’s own efforts
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• Authority
The possession of power which is seen as legitimate by whom it is wielded
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• Beanpole family
this refers to a modern family where people have fewer children, but at the same time are living longer, family trees are becoming longer and thinner – sometimes extending to 4 generations
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• Birth rate
The number of live births per 1,000 of the population per year
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• Cereal packet family
The romantic image of the traditional two-parent family featured on the back of corn flake packets in the 1960’s
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• Child centeredness
A family in which much activity and emotional energy is focused on the children, rather than adult desires
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• Confluent love
Active and casual love rather than ‘forever’ notions of romantic love
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• Cohabitation
a situation where a couple lives together as man and wife without being legally married
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• Commercialisation of childhood
Where children are targeted as a key consumer group by big businesses
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• Companionate
this refers to the jointness of couples, not only in terms of the tasks they perform, but equally in their leisure activities too
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• Conjugal roles
The roles played between husband and wife within a marriage with particular reference to the domestic division of labour
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• Civil partnership Act 2004
Gave same sex couples rights and responsibilities identical to civil marriage. Civil partners are entitled to the same property rights as married opposite-sex couples, the same exemption as married couples on inheritance tax, social security and pens
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• Dark side of the family
This term is used to challenge the romantic view of the family by perspectives such as the feminists and Radical Psychiatrists. They highlight the extent of conflict and violence in families
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• Death (mortality) rate
The number of deaths per thousand of the population per year
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• Dependency ratio
The ratio within the population of those under the age of 15 and over 65 to those between those years e.g. of working age
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• Divorce
The legal termination of a marriage
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• Divorce rate
A statistical measure of the number of divorces, usually expressed as the number of divorces in any one year per 1,000 married couples in the population
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• Divorce reform Act 1971
Introduced the concept of ‘no-fault’ divorce.
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• Divorce reform act 1984
The amount of time before application for divorce can be made was reduced
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• Dual Burden
Is when a woman has the responsibility of paid work and unpaid work
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• Empty-Shell marriage
A term given to marriage where love and romance have long gone and couples stay together either because divorces is not an option (e.g. religious reasons) or they simply cannot make the effort to separate
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• Expressive role
This refers to The housewife providing the warmth, security and emotional nurturing support
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• Extended family
The nuclear family has been added to either vertically, or horizontally.
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• Family
Two or more generations of people tied together through blood, marriage or adoption.
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• Family diversity
A term used to describe the differing forms of family organisation typical of modern Britain
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• Family paths
This refers to the highly varies and individual experiences people have within families according to age, gender etc
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• Fertility rate
average number of children women will have between the ages of 15 and 44
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Fit’ thesis
Evolutionary theory, suggesting that family changed from the extended to nuclear family to provide a functional fit to the new industrial society that benefited from smaller, more mobile families
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• Gender
used by sociologists to describe the cultural and social attributes of men and women, which are manifested in appropriate masculinity and femininity
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• Gender division of labour
husbands and wives have different roles/tasks
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• Household
A group of people not necessarily related who share accommodation, or one person living alone
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• Hierarchy
A central concept of stratification, signifying the ordering of social positions in a structure of superiority and inferiority.
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• Joint conjugal roles
Husbands and wives share roles, tasks and/or leisure
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• Individualisation
We place an emphasis on self-fulfilment rather than collective goals
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• Infant mortality rate
The number of deaths in a population of infants under one year of age per thousand births
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• Lone parent families
Families consisting of a dependent child or children living with one parent, usually the mother.
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• March of progress
theory-collective name for social theorist, usually functionalists, who see the family evolving and adapting in a progressive way to fit the changing needs of wider society
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• Marriage
legal contract between two people of opposing sexes offering rights and obligations under law
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• Marriage rate
the number of marriage occurring among the population of a given area per year, per 1,000 total population
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• Net migration
-the difference between the numbers emigrating and those immigrating
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• Neo conventional family
This refers to a family where both partners work and may not be married however it is more symmetrical and happier
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• Patriarchy
A form of society where males are the rulers and leaders exercise power, both at the level of society as a whole and within individual households
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• Primary socialisation
Instilling basic skills and values un young children
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• Reconstituted family
step family
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• Secularisation
the process in which religious thinking, practices and organisations lose their social significance
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• Segregated gender roles
Husband and wife have a clear cut division of labour
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• Serial monogamy
several marriage partners/long term relationships over the course of ones life
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• Social construction
Created by society and/or by social attitudes
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• Stabilisation of adult personalities (WBT)
The family supports its members emotionally
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• Structurally isolated
the idea that the nuclear family is obligated to or is independant of the extended family
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• Symmetrical family
roles are shared more or less evenly within the family, even though they may be gender segregated
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• Triple shift
Paid work, housework, the emotional role
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• Urbanisation
The growth of cities, or the movement of population of the land into towns
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

a social position fixed at birth, a position that is very hard to change by one’s own efforts

Back

• Ascribed status

Card 3

Front

The possession of power which is seen as legitimate by whom it is wielded

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

this refers to a modern family where people have fewer children, but at the same time are living longer, family trees are becoming longer and thinner – sometimes extending to 4 generations

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The number of live births per 1,000 of the population per year

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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