Showed 2 groups of children ages 4-5 and 9-10 a 5 minute video of a child's birthday party. The next day the children were interviewed through either cog/standard interview. More correct details were recalled with the cognitive interview.
1 of 21
Bower (1969)
Organised list of words scored 73/112. Not organised list of words scored 21/112
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Bower & Clark (1969)
Words put into a story were recalled 90% of the time. No story only 10% of the time.
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Paivio
Dual Coding Hypothesis - concrete nouns are recalled better than abstract nouns because they are encoded using both verbal and visual code.
4 of 21
Van Izendoorn
32 strange situation studies, variation within cultures was nearly 1 1/2 times that of variation between cultures. Great Britain had the most 'secure' children and Israel had the most resistant children.
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Takahashi
Japanese. 68% of babies were found to be securely attached. 90% of studies had to be stopped as the infants became too stressed.
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Thomas
Carribean cultures - multiple attachments are formed
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Parke
Play with father is more physically stimulating
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Tronick
African tribe. Infants cared for and breast fed by multiple women but slept with Mother so attached to her.
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Disruption of attachment
Robertson PDD Model, Studies of John and Laura AND Bowlby's maternal deprivation hypothesis
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Evidence for maternal deprivation hypothesis
44 Thieves
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Privation
Genie and Czech twins and Tizard and Hodges
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Tizard and Hodges
65 children brought up in children's home. Staff discouraged from forming relationship with children. Children exposed to many carers. Showed disinhibited attachment. Adopted/fostered = good relationship. Returned to bio parents = bad r/ship
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Rutter
Romanian orphans. Physical and mental effects take time to develop. The earlier the child is adopted the better they will be.
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Rutter (2007)
Institutional care can cause disinhibited attachment because of the fast amount of strangers that the children meet. 54% of disinhibitted attached children at 6 were still showing it at 11
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Dontas et al.
Babies that formed relationships with the staff did not show any of the abnormal behaviour shown in Tizard and Hodges
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Sylva et al. (2003)
Effective Provision of Pre school edcation (EPPE) - pre school children were more advanced that home - children in sociability and co-operation. Earlier the start of pre-school, the greater the advancement.
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Campbell et al.
frequent but short session at day care are the best, long days became tiring and frustrating and a battle for attention, Those with high quality care developed vital social skills by 5 1/2
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Belsky
Data recorded on overt aggression as well as challenging behaviour. Group care had more negative effects that 1 to 1 care. More group care - more aggression.
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Borge
3000 canadian mothers completed questionnairs on their chid's aggression. High risk family factors were also meausred. High risk familes - day care was better. No risk familes - no different between day care and home care
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Baker
Government in Quebec extended the provision of day care. 14% increase in the proportion of 0-4 year olds in day care. Aggression increased by 24% in Quebec compared to 1% in the rest of canada.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Organised list of words scored 73/112. Not organised list of words scored 21/112
Back
Bower (1969)
Card 3
Front
Words put into a story were recalled 90% of the time. No story only 10% of the time.
Back
Card 4
Front
Dual Coding Hypothesis - concrete nouns are recalled better than abstract nouns because they are encoded using both verbal and visual code.
Back
Card 5
Front
32 strange situation studies, variation within cultures was nearly 1 1/2 times that of variation between cultures. Great Britain had the most 'secure' children and Israel had the most resistant children.
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