tectonic plates are on the earth and cause earthquakes and tsunamis. they also cause continental drift.
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what evidence supports continental drift theories?
all the continents fit together like a jigsaw puzzle, similar species and fossils are found in different parts of the world.
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what is Pangea?
Pangea is a supercontinent that existed 300-200 million years ago.
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what are Gondwana and Laurasia?
they make up the two sides of the hemisphere
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what are the orders of classification?
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
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how is the scientific name of an animal made?
1st word is genus, 2nd word is species
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who jean-Baptiste Lamar?
He created the theory that if an organism changes, the changes will be passed on to its offspring.
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who Charles Darwin?
he created the theory that animals in the same group that have traits best suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. handing down the better traits to its offspring
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where did Charles Darwin make his observations?
Galapagos island
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what is a variation in a species?
the variation of traits a species can have.
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what does the term 'selection pressure' mean?
selection pressures are the environmental conditions.
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what is speciation?
speciation happens when 1 species turns into 2 different species.
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what are the steps of speciaton?
1. geographical isolation
2. population exposed to different selection pressures
3. different traits are favoured in each area
4. the 2 groups develop differently for their environment
5. reproductive isolation
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can 2 species interbreed?
it is possible for some species to interbreed but they cannot creat fertile offspring
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what are homologous structures?
when organisms have similar internal structures but different function
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do homologous structures indicate a common ancestor?
yes
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why do homologous structures occur?
organisms evolve to have different functions due to different selection pressures
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what is analogous structures?
analogous structures occur when they have different structures but similar functions.
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is analogous structures a sign of a common ancestor?
no
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why do analogous structures occur?
organisms evolve to have similar functions because they live in similar environments.
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what is convergent evolution?
when unrelated organisms evolve similar traits due to having to adapt to similar environments.
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are convergent evolution analogous or homologous structures?
analogous
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what is divergent evolution?
when related organisms evolve to become more different as a result of adapting to different environments
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are divergent evolution analogous or homologous structures?
homologous
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what is parallel evolution?
occurs when distantly related species evolve similar features while separated from each other by living in similar environments
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
what evidence supports continental drift theories?
Back
all the continents fit together like a jigsaw puzzle, similar species and fossils are found in different parts of the world.
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