Electronics

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Electric current
the rate of flow of charge
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Conventional current
rate of flow of charge in the direction in which positive charge would travel.
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Normal current
electrons are negatively charged so they flow from the negative terminal around the circuit to the positive terminal.
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Charge
measured in coulombs (C)
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Coulomb
is the amount of charge which flows past a point in one second when there is a current of 1 ampere
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Current equation
current= charge passed/time taken I=Q/T
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Elementary charge
the charge on a proton is called an elementary charge, it is the smallest charge a particle can have. (e)=1.6*10^-19
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Kirchhoff's First Law
the sum of the currents entering any junction in a circuit is equal to the sum of the currents leaving the junction. This is the conservation of charge.
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Mean drift velocity
the average distance travelled by a charged particle along the length of a conductor per unit time.
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Mean drift velocity equation
I=Anev I=current (A), A= cross sectional area of conductor (m^2), e= elementary charge (C), n= number density (m^-3), v= mean drift velocity (ms^-1)
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Voltage
potential difference (pd) and electromotive force (emf) are two precise terms for voltage
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Potential difference
is the energy transferred per unit charge when electrical energy is converted into another form of energy. Units: JC^-1 or Volts (V)
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Electromotive force
is the energy transferred per unit charge when another form of energy is converted into electrical energy. Emf is not a force. Units: JC^-1 or Volts (V).
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Resistance
the potential difference across the component divided by the current passing through it. Unit: ohm (Ω)
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Ohm
The resistance of a component that requires a pd of 1 volt per amp current. 1 Ω= 1 VA^-1
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Power
the rate of engird transfer. Units: (Js^-1) or watts (W)
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Kirchhoff's Second Law
the sum of the emus around any loop in a circuit is equal to the sum of the ads around the loop. Conservation of energy.
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Internal resistance
causes some of the electrical energy being lost as heat, (r) has a pd across it.
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Terminal pd
the voltage across the terminals of the power supply or cell and will always be less then the emf
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

rate of flow of charge in the direction in which positive charge would travel.

Back

Conventional current

Card 3

Front

electrons are negatively charged so they flow from the negative terminal around the circuit to the positive terminal.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

measured in coulombs (C)

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

is the amount of charge which flows past a point in one second when there is a current of 1 ampere

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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