COPD 1

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  • Created by: Rscottqub
  • Created on: 05-03-20 21:30
COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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COPD is characterized by
chronic inflammation, progressive narrowing of airways, shortness of breath
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Risk factors of COPD
smoking, pollution, genetics, infections
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treatment of COPD does not
reverse tissue damage - only prevents further worsening
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COPD is associated with a number of disorders (3)
1. chronic bronchitis 2. chronic obstructive bronchiolitis 3. emphysema . COPD may be a mixture of these
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Chronic Bronchitis
inflammation of epitelial cells of bronchi resulting in hyper secretion of mucus and reduced mucocillary clearance - narrowed airways
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Bronchiolitis (aka small airways disease)
obstruction due to inflammation, inflamm exudate affects surface tension --> airways close more easily and open with more difficulty. other factors in this may be muscle hyperplasia - thickening of airway tissue
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emphysema
smoking is main cause - tissue destruction, enlargement of alveoli, increased SA loss of capillaries
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COPD management
GOLD guidlines - for managment and prevention
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GOLD what does it stand for
Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
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how is COPD diagnosed
clinical exam and spirometry
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3 categories for classifciation of COPD
mild, moderate , severe
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key for prevention of progression of COPD
1. early diagnosis and therapy 2. ID of theraputic targets
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Compared to asthma
COPD is poorly understood, treatment as a result is often poor and often is misdiagnosed as COPD
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Inhaled therapies
Bronchodilators - LABAs and SABAs. Anti inflammatory - ICS
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SABAs
salbutamol - 4-6 hours DOA. increase lung function and exercise tolerance
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LABAs
12 hrs DOA. BD dosing. more effective than SABAs
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B2 agonists above
improve symptoms but do not help in exacerbations
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3 types of receptor on airway smooth muscle
M1 M2 M3
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what does M1 do
constriction , if we can block - reduced constriction
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what does M2 do
inhibitory receptor - decreases ACh
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M3 role
casues constriction, if we block then reduced constriction
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Ipratium and oxitropium issues
non selective - block all 3 - we do not want blockage of M2 - dichotamy
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dichotomy
contrasting effects
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Spriivia
M1 and 3 selective , OD dosing
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2nd gen - Eklira Genuair
high M3 affinity , increase QOL , decrease breathlessness . Aclidinium bromide
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importance of duration of action
very important - we dont want to be constantly inhaling - esp if multipe inhalers - combo products increase compliance
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Card 2

Front

COPD is characterized by

Back

chronic inflammation, progressive narrowing of airways, shortness of breath

Card 3

Front

Risk factors of COPD

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

treatment of COPD does not

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

COPD is associated with a number of disorders (3)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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