Conservation

?
  • Created by: ElishaG
  • Created on: 25-05-17 11:40
Why is conservation important?
1)Helps maintain biodiversity.2)All organisms are part of a food chain.3)Have a right to exist.4)Organisms and nature can be useful for medical research.5)Used for genetic resource.
1 of 41
What is a keystone species?
A species that has a disproportionate effect upon its environment relative to its abundance.Decline of a keystone species has a dramatic effect on a habitat.
2 of 41
What are ecological reasons for maintaining biodiversity?
1)All organisms in habitat linked-food chain.2)Ecology-interactions, a species may not be directly useful but may sustain other species,e.g. insects pollinate crops,plants start all food chains.3)Allowing biodiversity to decline-genetic diversity.
3 of 41
What are economic reasons for maintaining biodiversity?
1)Loss of crops(timber,foods) would cost industries.2)Potential future benefits of genes and proteins for medicine.3)Rich resource of genes-future genetic engineering.4)1997-33x10(12) spent on ecosystems.5)Soil depletion impacts food production.
4 of 41
What are aesthetic reasons for maintaining biodiversity?
1)Some elements of biodiversity are pleasant and beautiful to see-makes life more enjoyable.2)Chlorophyllia-love of all things green.
5 of 41
What are 3 main threats to biodiversity?
1)Human population growth.2)Agriculture.3)Climate change.
6 of 41
List 5 ways in which humans pose a threat to biodiversity.
1)We've learned to use the environment to our advantage.2)Alter ecosystems to provide food for ourselves.3)Destroy and fragment habitats.4)Using more and more of Earth's resources.5)Pollute the atmosphere.
7 of 41
What effect does agriculture have on biodiversity?
1)We clear ground for crops, when we reduce habitat size we reduce population size.
8 of 41
What is selective breeding also known as?
Artificial selection.
9 of 41
What are common traits to selectively breed for?
1)High milk yield/ quality.2)Disease resistance.3)High muscle mass.4)Colour.
10 of 41
What is the basic process of artificial selection?
1)Natural variation in population.2)Pick a male and female with ideal features.3)Breed the ideal individuals.4)Offspring will vary.5)Select male and female offspring with desired characteristic.6)Offspring will vary but will be more ideal.7)Continue.
11 of 41
What is monoculture?
A crop consisting of one strain of species which is grown in the same area year after year.
12 of 41
What is meant by a greenhouse gas ?
A gas containing molecules consisting of 2 different types of atom e.g. CO2 and H2O.
13 of 41
How do greenhouse gases contribute to global warming?
They contain bonds capable of absorbing infrared radiation, which is then reemitted towards Earth causing an increase in GMST.
14 of 41
What does GMST stand for?
Global mean surface temperature.
15 of 41
Describe the effect of relatively fast climate changes on biodiversity.
Populations less likely to be able to adapt. Natural selection takes a long time and fast changes mean this process cannot keep up.
16 of 41
What is In Situ Conservation?
In a natural/normal habitat/environment. E.g. in a nature reserve within a rainforest.
17 of 41
What are 2 things that can be done as a result of In Situ conservation?
1)Legislation-laws can be used to stop whatever activity is threatening species.Usually aren't useful unless enforced.2)Conservation parks-Can be extremely successful-require dedicate staff.
18 of 41
What are advantages of In Situ Conservation?
1)All required conditions already met.2)Organisms are well adapted to that habitat/environment.3)Organisms should be able to live and breed successfully.4)No special provisions need to be made.
19 of 41
What are disadvantages of In Situ Conservation?
1)Potential for contaminated food.2)Health of individuals can't be monitored.3)Young can't be hand reared .4)Increased mortality of young.5)Provision of male/females for breeding can't be manipulated.6)No protection from hunting.7)Speciescompetition.
20 of 41
What is Ex Situ conservation?
Not in natural/normal habitat/environment. E.g. a zoo or botanic garden.
21 of 41
What are advantages of Ex Situ conservation?
1)Fed uncontaminated food.2)Health of individuals can be monitored.3)Young can be hand reared.4)Reduced mortality of young.5)Protection from hunting.6)Competition reduced.7)Provision of male/females for breeding manipulated.
22 of 41
What are disadvantages of Ex Situ conservation?
1)Organisms not in natural habitat may not breed.2)Space limited-restricts genetic diversity.3)Decrease in genetic diversity=lack of variation.4)Species less likely to adapt to change.5)Reintroduction to wild can be difficult.
23 of 41
What is CITES?
The convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora. Roughly 5,600 animals and 30,000 plants are protected by CITES.
24 of 41
What is appendix 1?
1)Includes species threatened with extinction, trade in species of these species is permitted in exceptional circumstances.2)E.g. fruit bat, humpback whale, gorilla, orangutan.
25 of 41
How many species fall into appendix 1?
931.
26 of 41
What is appendix 2?
1)Includes species not necessarily threatened with extinction but in which trade must be controlled in order to avoid uses incompatible with their survival.2)E.g. Chameleons, tree frogs, serpent Island Gecko.
27 of 41
How many species fall into appendix 2?
34419.
28 of 41
What is appendix 3?
1)Contains species protected in at least one country, which has other CITES parties for help controlling their trade.2)E.g. Brown sea cucumber, Helmeted water toad.
29 of 41
How many species fall into appendix 3?
147.
30 of 41
What is the CBD?
The Rio Convention on Biological Diversity.
31 of 41
What are the three Rio conventions on?
1)Biodiversity.2)Climate Change.3)Desertification.
32 of 41
What are the aims of the biological diversity convention?
1)Conservation of biological diversity.2)Sustainable use of components of ecosystem.3)Appropriate shared access to genetic resources.4)Appropriate sharing and transfer of scientific knowledge and technologies.5)Fair and equitable sharing of benefits.
33 of 41
Describe the CSS.
Countryside Stewardship Scheme. Introduced 1991 in England.Recently been replaces by ESS.
34 of 41
What were the aims of the CSS?
1)Improve natural beauty and diversity of countryside. 2)Enhance, restore and recreate targeted landscapes, their wildlife habitats and historical features.3)Improve opportunities for public access.
35 of 41
What is CITES funded by?
Each individual country.
36 of 41
What are Successes of CITES?
Elephants, rhinos and sharks have been saved.
37 of 41
What is CBD funded by?
Each individual country.
38 of 41
What are Successes of CBD?
China to close 1/3 of illegal ivory factories and shops to complete ivory trade ban by end of year.
39 of 41
What is CSS funded by?
The UK government.
40 of 41
What are successes of CSS?
£900 million to save the bees.
41 of 41

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a keystone species?

Back

A species that has a disproportionate effect upon its environment relative to its abundance.Decline of a keystone species has a dramatic effect on a habitat.

Card 3

Front

What are ecological reasons for maintaining biodiversity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are economic reasons for maintaining biodiversity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are aesthetic reasons for maintaining biodiversity?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Biology resources:

See all Biology resources »See all Conservation resources »