Coasts and Rivers 4.0 / 5 based on 4 ratings ? GeographyCoastal zonesGCSEOCR Created by: ArabellaCreated on: 07-03-13 18:43 What is the Swash? Swash is when the water uns up the beach after the wave breaks 1 of 46 What is backwash? Backwash is when the water runs down the beach 2 of 46 What sort of wave is it when the swash is stronger than the backwash? A constructive wave 3 of 46 What sort of wave is it when the backwash is stronger than the swash? A deconstructive wave 4 of 46 What is a constructive wave? When the sea water deposits material onto the beach 5 of 46 What is a deconstructive wave? When the sea water takes material away and erodes the beach 6 of 46 What are the four types of erosion? Hydraulic Acton, Abrasion, Attrition, Solution (corrosion) 7 of 46 How is a wave created? When the wind blows over the surface of the water and creates friction 8 of 46 What is Hydraulic Action? When water gets into gaps int he rock and weakens and cracks it 9 of 46 What is abrasion? When two rocks grind against eachother and wear them away 10 of 46 What is attrition? When two rocks bump against eachother and crack then break 11 of 46 What is solution (corrosion)? When the chemicals in the water react with particles in soft rocks 12 of 46 What is precipitation? Any moisture that falls from the sky 13 of 46 What is transpiration? Water that is produced from plants/trees 14 of 46 What is insterception? When water is stored on leaves and branches 15 of 46 What is groundwater flow? When water flows horizontally through the rocks into the river 16 of 46 What is throughflow? When water flows horizontally through the soil into the river 17 of 46 What is surface runoff? When water flows horizonatally over the surface into the river 18 of 46 What is infilltration? When water is absorbed into the soil then underground 19 of 46 What is evaporation? When water droplets turns into water vapour 20 of 46 What is percolation? When water flows vertically through soil and rocks 21 of 46 What is a smaller river that goes into a bigger river? Tributary 22 of 46 What is a large bend in a river? Meander 23 of 46 What is the point at which two rivers meet? Confluence 24 of 46 Where does a river start? The source 25 of 46 Where does a river end? mouth 26 of 46 What is the area called that all the streams and river in that area drain to? drainage basin 27 of 46 What is a channel formed near the mouth called? Distributary 28 of 46 Whats the flat land at the mouth of a river called? Delta 29 of 46 What is discharge? The amount of rainfall 30 of 46 What are the four types of transportaion? Suspended load, Dissolved load, salutation load, traction(bed load) 31 of 46 What is slow onset flodding? Flooding that develops over a few days 32 of 46 What is rapid onset flooding? This occurs more quickly, often in highland areas 33 of 46 What is a flash flood? An immediate response to a short period of rainfall, without warning 34 of 46 Physical reasons for flooding? Remnants of a hurricane, Hilly valleys, Heavy rainfall 35 of 46 Human reasons for flooding? Towns built near rivers, Building rivers over rivers, Built steep slopes 36 of 46 Hard engineering-flodding techniques? defence walls, remove bridges, widen river channel, trash screen 37 of 46 Soft engineering-flooding techinques? Remove trees near river bank,lower river bed 38 of 46 economic effects of flooding Impacts business, land is ruining, houses need rebuilding 39 of 46 social effects of flooding malnutrition, disease, loss of life 40 of 46 environmental effects of flooding sewage, closes channels,storage ponds 41 of 46 What is a spit? an accumilation of sand that is connected to land at one end 42 of 46 What is a tombolo? a spit or bar connceting an island to the mainland 43 of 46 What is a bar? a spit which has grown across a bay sealing it off to create a lagoon 44 of 46 Soft engineering-coastal techniques beach nourishment,planting,cliff drainage, managed retreat 45 of 46 hard engineering-coastal techniques Groynes,sea walls,rip rap,revetments 46 of 46
GCSE Edexcel Specification B - Unit 1 - COASTAL CHANGE AND CONFLICT (PART 1) 3.0 / 5 based on 5 ratings
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