coasts for year 8 geograghy

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  • Created by: nefff1
  • Created on: 22-05-18 17:18
how is a stump formed
when a stack is eroded it forms a stump
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how is a stack formed
when a arch calliopes the section of rock separate from the headland is the stack
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how is a cave formed
when a crack in the rock get deeper it will eventually form cave
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how is a arch formed
when a cave erodes through to the other other side of the rock it becomes none as a arch
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what is a swash
When a wave breaks, water is washed up the beach. This is called the swash. T
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what is a backwash
Then the water runs back down the beach, which is called the backwash.
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what are the three ingredients needed to create a storm surge
low water pressure. hight tide high winds
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what is hydraulic action
Air may become trapped in joints and cracks on a cliff face. When a wave breaks, the trapped air is compressed which weakens the cliff and causes erosi
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what is abrasion
Bits of rock and sand in waves grind down cliff surfaces like sandpaper.
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what is attrition
Waves smash rocks and pebbles on the shore into each other, and they break and become smoother
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what is solution
Acids contained in sea water will dissolve some types of rock such as chalk or limestone.
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two features of a constructive wave
strong swash .week backwash
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two features of a destructive wave
week swash. strong back backwash
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what is hard engineering
hard engineering options tend to be expensive, short-term options. They may also have a high impact on the landscape or environment and be unsustainable.
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advantages of sea wall
protects the base of cliffs, land and buildings against erosion. Can prevent coastal flooding in some areas.
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what is a sea wall
a wall built on the edge of the coastline.
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disadvantages of a sea wall
expensive to build. Curved sea walls reflect the energy of the waves back to the sea. This means that the waves remain powerful. Over time the wall may begin to erode. The cost of maintenance is high.
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what are groins
a wooden barrier built at right angles to the beach.
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advantages of groins
prevents the movement of beach material along the coast by longshore drift. Allows the build up of a beach. Beaches are a natural defence against erosion and an attraction for tourists
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disadvantages of groins
can be seen as unattractive. Costly to build and maintain
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what are rock boulder /armour
large boulders are piled up on the beach.
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advantages of rock armoured boulders
absorb the energy of waves. Allows the build up of a beach
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disadvantages of rock armour
can be expensive to obtain and transport the boulders.
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advantages of rock armour
Absorb the energy of waves. Allows the build up of a beach.
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what is beach management
this replaces beach or cliff material that has been removed by erosion or longshore drift. The main advantage is that beaches are a natural defence against erosion and coastal flooding. Beaches also attract tourists. It is a relatively inexpensive op
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what is a managed retreat
areas of the coast are allowed to erode and flood naturally. Usually this will be areas considered to be of low value - eg places not being used for housing or farmland. The advantages are that it encourages the development of beaches (a natural defe
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what are the 4 types of erotion
hydraulic action.Abrasion .Attrition.Attrition
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what is long shore drift
Sediment is moved along the coastline in a process known as longshore drift. The prevailing wind blows waves carrying sediment into the beach at an angle, the waves break on the shore and as the water runs back into the sea it carries the sediment ba
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what is a sea spit
Sediment is moved along the coastline in a process known as longshore drift. The prevailing wind blows waves carrying sediment into the beach at an angle, the waves break on the shore and as the water runs back into the sea it carries the sediment ba
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what is the prevailing wind
a wind from the direction that is predominant or most usual at a particular place or season
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what is a fetch
The fetch, also called the fetch length, is the length of water over which a given wind has blow
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when is neap tide .
every quarter moon.
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what is a fetch
The fetch, also called the fetch length, is the length of water over which a given wind has blow
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when is neap tide .
every quarter moon.
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Card 2

Front

how is a stack formed

Back

when a arch calliopes the section of rock separate from the headland is the stack

Card 3

Front

how is a cave formed

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

how is a arch formed

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is a swash

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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