Classification 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyEcology and biodiversityA2/A-levelWJEC Created by: charleyCreated on: 29-08-18 16:22 Phylogenic classification Reflecting evolutionary relatedness and grouping organisms as a result. It's discrete and hierarchal 1 of 19 Phylogenic tree A diagram showing evolutionary decent 2 of 19 Natural classification The classification of living organisms based on decent 3 of 19 Hierarchy A system in which smaller groups are components of larger groups 4 of 19 Taxon A taxonomic group of any rank, such as a species, family, or class. 5 of 19 The hierarchy of biological classification Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus then species 6 of 19 How are domains defined? On the basis of rRNA base sequences and similarities in DNA base sequences 7 of 19 The 3 domains Eubacteria (familiar prokaryotes), Archaea (prokaryotes with an unusual metabolism), Eukaruota (eukaryotes) 8 of 19 How are kingdoms defined? They classify organisms on the basis of their physical appearance 9 of 19 The 5 kingdoms Prokaryota, Protoctista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia 10 of 19 How are phylums defined? They classify organisms with a distinct body plan 11 of 19 What is a genus? A group of similar organisms that cannot interbreed 12 of 19 What is a species? A group of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring 13 of 19 Homologous structures Have a similar arrangement of components and a similar developmental origin but different functions and show divergent evolution 14 of 19 Analogous structures Have a corresponding function and similar shape but a different developmental origin and show convergent evolution 15 of 19 Morphological The visual similarity of two organisms 16 of 19 Methods of assessing relatedness with genetic evidence DNA base sequences, DNA hybridisation, amino acid sequences and immunology 17 of 19 The binomial system Uses the genus and the species as the name providing unambiguous naming, a universal language and indicates when species are closely related. 18 of 19 Taxonomy The identification and the naming of organisms 19 of 19
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