Classification

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  • Created by: ElishaG
  • Created on: 25-05-17 16:58
What is classification?
Organisms are classified into large groups which are then subdivided into increasingly smaller groups. based on similarities/differences.
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What is taxonomy?
The classification of living organisms based upon homologous features.
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What does taxonomy depend upon?
1)Morphology. 2)Homologous features
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What is morphology?
The physical appearance of an organism.
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What are homologous features?
A morphological trait that is shared by different organisms.
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What does taxonomy lead to the formation of?
Taxons/ Taxa.
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What are Taxons/Taxa?
A group of organisms which all share homologous features.
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How many kingdom are there?
5.
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How many levels of classification are there?
7.
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What are the seven levels of classification?
1)Kingdom.2)Phylum.3)Class.4)Order.5)Family.6)Genus.7)Species.
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Explain how taxonomists name organisms.
By using the Genus name followed by the species. MUST be written in ITALIC.
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What are the 5 kingdoms?
1)Protoctista.2)Plants.3)Prokaryote.4)Fungi.5)Animal.
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Describe prokaryotes.
1)No true nucleus.2)Prokaryotic cells.3)Don't have membrane bound organelles.4)Cell wall= peptodoglycan.5)Unicellular.6)Bacteria only.
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Describe plants.
1)Cell wall=cellulose.2)Chlorplasts.3)Eukaryotic cells.4)Multi cellular.5)Autotrophic.
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What does autotropic mean?
Makes their own organic molecules- carbohydrates, proteins, lipids.
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Describe Protoctista.
1)Eukaryotic AND Unicellular.2)Some have cell walls, some don't.3)Some have chloroplasts, some don't.4)Some are autotrophic, some are heterotrophic.5)E.g. yeast and algae.
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Describe Fungi.
1)Made of chitin.2)Reproduce by spores.3)Body of hyphae.4)Eukaryotic.5)Multicellular.6)Heterotrophic.
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Describe animals.
1)No cell wall.2)Eukaryotic.3)Multicellular.4)Heterophobic.
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What does heterophobic mean?
Can't make own organic molecules- carbohydrates, lipids, proteins.
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What is phylogeny?
1)Evolutionary relationship between organisms.2)Study of closeness of evolutionary relationships.3)Bases of scientific classification.4)Closer genetic relationship, closer the taxonomic grouping.
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How many major groups are there in kingdom classification?What are the names of the major groups?
1)5 groups.2)Prokaryotes, protoctista,plants, fungi, animals.
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How many major groups are there in domain classification?What are the names of the major groups?
1)3.2)Eukaryotes, Eubacteria, archaea.
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In kingdom classification, what is the grouping of eukaryotes like?
Split into different kingdoms- protoctista, plants, animals, fungi.
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In domain classification, what is the grouping of eukaryotes like?
All eukaryotes are in the same domian.
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In kingdom classification,what is grouping of prokaryotes like?
All prokaryotes are in the same kingdom.
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In domain classification,what is grouping of prokaryotes like?
Prokaryotes split into different domains- eubacteria and archae.
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In kingdom classification, what is grouping based upon?
Morphology, behaviour,embryology.
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In domain classification, what is grouping based upon?
Bio chemistry- rRNA, ribsomes, RNA polymerase, protein synthesis, enzymes.
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Why is classification important?
1)Communication- international system.2)Pest control- vital to know species.3)Agriculture many different crop species.4)Medicine- important to identify pathogens.5)Identification key.6)Know whether a new species has been discovered.
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Card 2

Front

What is taxonomy?

Back

The classification of living organisms based upon homologous features.

Card 3

Front

What does taxonomy depend upon?

Back

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Card 4

Front

What is morphology?

Back

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Card 5

Front

What are homologous features?

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