To see if Long Term Memory encodes information semantically or accoustically
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Independent variables
Acoustically similar or dissimilar, semantically similar or dissimilar, performance before and after 15 minutes
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Dependent variables
Words recalled in the right order
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Procedure
72 volunteers from Baddeley's Uni split to 4 groups. A slideshow with the words shown each word given 3 seconds on a slide. Interference task and recall words
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What was the interference task?
Hear and then write down 8 numbers, repeated three times
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Why was the interference task used?
As a control to remove short term memory
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What was the sample and sample in conditions?
Mostly students and 15 or 16 in each condition
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Results for acoustic condition
Results started at 40% (control) and 30% and were improving all the time. 4th trial had 75% recall in acoustically similar.
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Results for semantic condition
Start both at 30% and control increased to 90% and then decreased. Similar plateau at 60%
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Conclusion
LTM primarily encodes semantically because the store gets confused between similar words
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Generalisability?
Large sample so annomalies average out, Americans only, small sample within conditions
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Reliability?
Standard procedure, Baddeley replicated his own study
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Application?
Mainly for cognitive psychologists, helps to build up research on memory, for students' revision techniques
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Validity?
Internal validity improved by controls, lack of ecological validity, surprise task at the end = real life scenario
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Ethical issues?
None!
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Independent variables
Back
Acoustically similar or dissimilar, semantically similar or dissimilar, performance before and after 15 minutes
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