What equation links rate of reaction, amount of reactant or product formed and time?
rate of reaction= amount of reactant used or product formed/ time.
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What are the 3 ways that the rate of reaction can be found?
Measuring the amount of reactants used. Measuring the amount of product formed. Measuring the time it takes for a reaction mixture to become opaque or change colour.
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How do you measure the amount of reactant used if the product is a gas??
Measure the mass in grams of the reaction mixture before and after the reaction takes place and the time it takes for the reaction to happen.
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What will happen to the mass?
It will decrease.
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HT What can the amount of reactant be measured in?
Mols.
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HT What happens when the reaction takes place?
The reactant is used up, so the amount of reactant remaining decreases.
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HT How is the concentration of the reactant calculated?
The amount divided by the volume of the reaction mixture. Measured in units of mol/dm^3.
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How do you measure the amount of products formed?
Measure the total volume of gas produced in cubic centimetres with a gas syringe and the time it takes for the reaction to happen, Units- cm^3/s
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How do you measure the time it takes for a reaction mixture to become opaque or change colour?
Time how long it takes for the mixture to change colour. Rate eof reaction= 1/ time taken for solution to change colour.
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What will be the equipment needed for this experiment?
A catalyst, beaker, scales, another beaker with manganese oxide in with a bung and connected syringe.
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When is the only time chemical reactions will take place?
When reacting particles collide with each other with sufficient energy.
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What is activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy required to cause a reaction.
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What are 4 important factors that affect the rate of reaction?
Temperature, concentration, surface area and catalysts.
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How does temperature affect the rate of reaction?
In a hot reaction mixture the particles move more quickly; they collide more often and with greater energy, so more collisions are successful.
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How does concentration affect the rate of reaction?
At higher concentrations, the particles are crowded closer together meaning they collide more often so there are more successful reactions. Increasing the pressure of reacting gases also increases the frequency of collisions.
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How does surface area affect the rate of reaction?
Small pieces of a solid reactant have a large surface area in relation to their volume. More particles are exposed and available for collisions, so there are more collisions and a faster reaction.
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What are the 3 key things to remember about plotting reaction rates?
The steeper the line, the faster the reaction. When one of the reactants is used up, the reaction stops (the line becomes horizontal). The same amount of product is formed from the same amount of reactants, regardless of rate.
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HT How do you find the rate of reaction given at a particular time?
Draw a tangent to the curve at that time, find the gradient of the tangent, the gradient is equal to the rate of reaction at that time.
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How do you work out the gradient?
gradient = difference in the amount of product/ reactant used / time.
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How can the average rate of reaction be calculated?
Quantity/time.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are the 3 ways that the rate of reaction can be found?
Back
Measuring the amount of reactants used. Measuring the amount of product formed. Measuring the time it takes for a reaction mixture to become opaque or change colour.
Card 3
Front
How do you measure the amount of reactant used if the product is a gas??
Back
Card 4
Front
What will happen to the mass?
Back
Card 5
Front
HT What can the amount of reactant be measured in?
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