chemistry

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Alloy
A mixture of two or more metals which aren't chemically bonded to each other.
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Anhydrous
A substance without water in it
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Aqueous Solution
A solution made by dissolving a substance into water.
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Atom
The smallest part of an element
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Atomic Number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an element
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Avogadro's Constant
The number of defined particles in one mole of the substance.
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Base
An alkaline compound that reacts with a compound to form salts
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Bond Energy
The energy required to break a bond or the energy released when a new bond is made.
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Bonding
The method through which atoms are held together in a substance.
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Catalyst
A substance that increase the rate of reaction
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Chromatography
The process of separation of different liquids via filter paper
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Collision Theory
The idea that increasing the number of collisions between particles will increase the rate of reaction.
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Concentration
The amount of one type of substance in a medium
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Condensation
The change of state from gas to liquid
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Conductor
A medium or volume that allows heat or electricity to pass through it.
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Covalent Bond
The sharing of electrons between two atoms when bonding together.
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Cracking
The breaking down of an organic compound or hydrocarbon into a smaller compound
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Crystallisation
The formation of crystals when a saturated solution is left to cool
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Density
The mass of a substance divided by its volume
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Displacement Reaction
A reaction when a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element
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Distillation
A method of separating a liquid from a mixture by boiling and condensing.
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Electrolysis
The breakdown of an ionic compound using electricity.
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Electron
A small charged particle found rotating around the nucleus of an atom.
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Element
A simple substance containing only one type of atom
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Endothermic
A chemical reaction which takes in heat from the surroundings
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Evaporation
The change of state from liquid to gas.
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Exothermic
A chemical reaction which gives out heat to the surroundings.
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Fermentation
The breakdown of glucose by yeast without the use of oxygen, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide.
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Fossil fuel
A fuel formed from the remains and skeletons of dead matter from over a million years ago
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Fuel
A substance that releases energy when combusted.
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Functional group
A group of atoms which are responsible for the characteristics and chemical reactions for that homologous series.
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Galvanising
Coating a metal with a protective layer of zinc.
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Haber Process
The industrial process for the production of ammonia from hydrogen and nitrogen.
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Hydrocarbon
A compound containing only carbon and hydrogen.
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Insulator
A medium or substance that does not conduct heat or electricity.
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Isomers
Substances with the same molecular formula but a different arrangement and order of atoms.
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Isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons
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Litmus
An indicator which shows whether a substance is acidic or alkaline.
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Malleable
Can be bent or hammered into shape.
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Mass Number
The number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
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Mole
The relative formula mass of a substance in grams
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Monomer
A molecule that can combine to form a polymer
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Neutralisation
The reaction of an acid and an alkali to form a neutral product.
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Noble Gas
An unreactive element found in group 0 of the periodic table
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Nucleus
The central section of an atoms which contains protons, neutrons and electrons.
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Ores
Rocks containing traces of metal or metal compounds within them
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Oxidation
Loss of electrons in a chemical reaction.
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Oxidising Agent
The substance which adds oxygen to another substance.
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Period
A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table.
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Periodic Table
The arrangement of elements in the order of increasing atomic number in a table.
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pH Scale
A scale which shows how acidic or alkaline a substance is.
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Polymer
A substance which is made up of loads of small molecules joined together.
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Polymerisation
The chemical reaction combining monomers to form polymers.
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Qualitative Analysis
A method of finding out the elements present in an unknown substance via a series of chemical tests
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Rate of Reaction
The amount of product made in a certain amount of time.
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Reactivity Series
A list of elements ordered in terms of increasing reactivity
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Redox Reactions
Reactions where both reduction and oxidation occur.
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Reducing Agent
A substance that removes oxygen from another substance
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Reduction
Gain of electrons in a chemical reaction
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Relative Atomic Mass
The mass of an atom using a universal scale
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Reversible reaction
A reaction that can be reversed so the products can be turned back into the reactants
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Rust
The chemical erosion of iron and steel
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Salts
Compounds formed when the hydrogen in an acid is displaced by a metal
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Solubility
The amount of solute that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent
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Solute
A substance that can be dissolved.
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Solution
A mixture of a solute and a solvent.
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Solvent
A substance that dissolves a solute.
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Thermal Decomposition
The breakdown of compounds via heat
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Universal Indicator
A mixture of indicators combined as one that can be used to measure the pH of a substance.
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Yield
The amount of product gained from a reaction
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A substance without water in it

Back

Anhydrous

Card 3

Front

A solution made by dissolving a substance into water.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

The smallest part of an element

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The number of protons in the nucleus of an element

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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