Chapter 19: Elizabethan Government, 1563-1603

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  • Created by: Madisonxo
  • Created on: 05-05-19 13:18
Structure of the royal court? What was it used for?
Decision-making, part theatre and part a place for patronage, existed wherever the Queen was. 2 main areas: Presence Chamber and Privy Chamber.
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Difference between Presence and Privy chamber?
Presence = open area, anyone with the right status could access it. Privy = More private+important, admission was carefully guarded.
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What was the main body where the Queen's principal ministers came together + what was it used for?
Privy Council: responsible for policy advice + administration, met regularly w/about 10 members. Elizabeth often consulted w/ministers on an individual basis, however, so its importance as a decision-making body should not be overestimated.
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Key functions of the privy council?
Manage crown finances w/Lord Treasurer+Chancellor of the Exchequer, administer the realm by instructing officials e.g. JPs, enforce laws+regulations regarding law and order, wages, vagrancy etc., enforce religious settlement of 1559 using JPs
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Who was the key minister at the beginning of E's reign?
William Cecil: came to dominate the Council, joined in the Council by Sir Bacon and Sir Knollys. Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, joined in 1562.
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Who was appointed in the 1570's (Protestants)
Sir Francis Walsingham, Sir Walter Mildmay etc.
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How was their advancement balanced? (conservatives)
Sir James Croft + Sir Christopher Hatton were promoted.
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What weakened Elizabeth's Council from the late 1580's?
Number of ministers died in quick succession, the Queen did not make immediate replacements + when she did they were their sons who lacked skills, absence of senior noblemen on the Council, refused to let Burghley retire, Essex Vs Cecil.
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Number of ministers dying in quick succession?
Death of Sadler in 1587, Earl of Leicester in September 1588, Mildmay died in 1589, Walsingham and Croft died in 1590.
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Why did absence of senior noblemen have a negative effect?
Meant that the Council no longer included the country's most important families.
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Why did refusing to let Burghley retire have a negative effect?
His effectiveness diminished in the 1590s, he appointed his son Robert Cecil to the Privy Council who had to undertake an immense administrative burden on account of his father's ill health
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How did Cecil Vs Essex come about?
Promotion of younger Robert Cecil annoyed the Earl of Essex (stepson of Leicester - queens fav), Essex made an enemy of Cecil.
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When + what was the Essex rebellion?
1601: Planned an armed coup but was forced to surrender + was executed in 1601.
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How did Elizabeth use parliament to grant taxation?
11/13 were asked to grant revenue.
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Example of the Council self-censoring?
1571: Strickland proposed a bill to reform the Book of Common Prayer which annoyed the queen. The council had been trying to secure religious reform by more subtle means, so they took the initiative to remove him.
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Examples of the infringing on the royal prerogative?
1576: Wentworth imprisoned by the House of Commons themselves (again, self censorship). 1593: Wentworth imprisoned again for raising issue of succession.
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Examples of good relations w/parliament?
1589: Double subsidy. 1593+1598: triple subsidy. 1601: Golden speech + quadruple subsidy.
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What was a major issue in later parliaments?
Monopolies
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Difference between Presence and Privy chamber?

Back

Presence = open area, anyone with the right status could access it. Privy = More private+important, admission was carefully guarded.

Card 3

Front

What was the main body where the Queen's principal ministers came together + what was it used for?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Key functions of the privy council?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Who was the key minister at the beginning of E's reign?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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