Changing Sleep in Adolescence

?
  • Created by: Yasmetron
  • Created on: 26-02-23 15:04
How does chronotype change across development?
at the age of 10 the chronotype is early where it steadily increases to late at 20 years old, where it then slowly decreases to 3.5 MSF at 60 years old. Males' chronotype is higher in MSF than women.
1 of 14
What were the findings of the Mammoth Cave experiment?
Kleitman & Richardson
- Circadian rhythm of ~15h of wake + ~9h of sleep maintained
- Circadian cycle longer than 24h
- We must have an “internal clock” to regulate these cycles...
2 of 14
What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus?
It is a bilateral structure located in the anterior part of the hypothalamus. It is the central pacemaker of the circadian timing system and regulates most circadian rhythms in the body.
3 of 14
What is the two-process model of sleep regulation (Borbely, 1982)?
The two-process model of sleep regulation posits that the interaction of its two constituent processes, a sleep/wake dependent homeostatic Process S and a circadian Process C, generates the timing of sleep and waking. The time course of Process S was deri
4 of 14
How does number of hours slept change with age?
The number of hours of sleep we have rapidly declines from 10 years old (9.5 hours) to 20 years old (7.5 hours). The least sleep duration is when we are between that ages of 45 to 55 which is 7 hours.
5 of 14
What is SWA?
Slow-wave activity (SWA)
The number and amplitude of slow waves during slow- wave sleep. The higher the sleep pressure is, the higher the SWA will be.
6 of 14
How does sleep change from pre-adolescents to adolescents
Pre-adolescents reach peak sleep pressure faster than adolescents = at 8pm younger children are ready to fall asleep, adolescents are not
During sleep, pressure dissipates at the same rate in both groups = sleep need does not change at adolescence
7 of 14
How does melatonin impact adolescents
Melatonin onset becomes delayed at the start of adolescence.
The difference between melatonin onset and sleep onset increases at the start of adolescence
8 of 14
What does sleep restriction cause?
- Attention declines as sleep restriction
accumulates (Nap + NoNap vs. Control)
- Attention does not return to baseline after
two recovery nights
- Ability to learn mental arithmetic ability
compromised as sleep restriction accumulates
(Nap + NoNap vs. Co
9 of 14
How does delaying school impact sleep
• Higher grades in 2017
• Lower sleepiness in 2017
• Fewer absences in 2017 in one of the schools
• Fewer late starts in 2017 in one of the schools
• FHS has more students from lower socioeconomic groups
10 of 14
What does delaying the start time to 10am do?
(Kelley et al. 2017)
• Urban state-funded secondary school in England
• In an area where achievement is lower than
national average
• School start was moved to 10am until local
education authority forced return to 8.50am starts
Found more academically suc
11 of 14
What are the barriers against delaying school start times?
- transport issues
- concerns about change for teachers and parent s
- lack of time and resources
- concerns about impact of change on high-stakes exams
12 of 14
How did no screen time after 9pm impact sleep?
(Perrault et al. 2019)
• Average sleep duration increased from 7:33 to 7:50 = 17-minute increase
• This increase was largest in those who reduced screen use most
• Reaction times in the Sustained Attention Reaction Time test improved (with no improvement in the passive group =
13 of 14
What is the perfect storm model?
illustrates several factors described in the text that contribute to changes in sleep behaviour over the course of adolescent development e.g., bioregulatory pressure, psychosocial pressure, societal pressure
14 of 14

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What were the findings of the Mammoth Cave experiment?

Back

Kleitman & Richardson
- Circadian rhythm of ~15h of wake + ~9h of sleep maintained
- Circadian cycle longer than 24h
- We must have an “internal clock” to regulate these cycles...

Card 3

Front

What is the suprachiasmatic nucleus?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the two-process model of sleep regulation (Borbely, 1982)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does number of hours slept change with age?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all How Can Psychology Change the World? resources »