A carbon atom within a molecule that is bonded to four different atoms/groups.
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Enantiomers (plural)
Non superimposable mirror immage forms of each other that rotate the plane of polarised light in opposite directions
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Optical activity
This occurs in molecules that possess chiral centres. These molecules rotate the plane of polarised light.
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Racemic mixture
An equimolar mixture of two enantiomers that has no effect on the plane of polarised light.
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Enantiomer (singular)
An optically active molecule that will rotate the plane of polarised light.
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Structural isomers
Molecules that have the same molecular formula but a different structural formula.
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Chain branching isomers
Molecules that have the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of the carbon chain.
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Positional isomers
They have the same molecular formula and chain length but differ by the position of their functional group.
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Functional isomers
They have different functional groups.
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Stereo isomers
They have the same molecular formula but a different arrangement of atoms in space.
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Geometric isomers
They occur in alkenes only due to the restricted rotation about the double bond due to the pi bond.
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Optical isomers
They have the same molecular formula but differ in how they rotate the plane of polarised light.
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How are diastereoisomers formed?
When a compound contains two or more chiral centres. This makes it possible to have stereoisomers that are not mirror image forms of each other.
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The amount of rotation depends on...
1. The enantiomer; 2. The concentration of the enantiomer in solution; 3. The length of the tube containing the solution; 4. Frequency of the light; 5. Temperature
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If the plane of polarised light is rotated to the left (anticlockwise), what symbol is used?
-
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If the plane of polarised light is rotated to the right (clockwise), what symbol is used?
+
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Non superimposable mirror immage forms of each other that rotate the plane of polarised light in opposite directions
Back
Enantiomers (plural)
Card 3
Front
This occurs in molecules that possess chiral centres. These molecules rotate the plane of polarised light.
Back
Card 4
Front
An equimolar mixture of two enantiomers that has no effect on the plane of polarised light.
Back
Card 5
Front
An optically active molecule that will rotate the plane of polarised light.
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