Caribbean Social Problems
Comprises of topics on the family, migration, inequality, work and unemployment and poverty.
- Created by: Sheeda F
- Created on: 19-11-12 16:15
Social Problem
A social condition (such as poverty), or a pattern of behaviour (such as substance abuse) that harms all or some people in a society and that a sufficient number of people believes warrants public concern and collective action to bring about change
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Sociological imagination
C. Wright Mills- The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society. Enable persons to make the connection between private problems and public issues. For example, Unemployment
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Micro level analysis
Focuses on small scale interactions between small groups and social interations between people
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Macro level analysis
Focuses on social processes existing on a societal level, especially in large organisations.
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Subjective awareness
A feeling of uneasiness about something, not founded on any concrete evidence that a problem exists. When a problem exists subjective awareness shifts to objective reality - when they person experiences the problem, or when it comes to pass.
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Theory
A set of logically related statements that attempt to describe, explain and predict social phenomena or events.
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Functionalist perspective
Views society as stable with interrelated parts which exist to provide the functional prerequisites within a society. August comte 1798-1857 (founder of society)
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Conflict theory
Conflict between groups in society. Lower class worker or the proletariat are exploited by the bourgosie. The upper class owns the means of productions and subsistence
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Symbolic interactionist
Look at the social interactions between small groups and individuals. Believe that symbols and meanings are produced through social interaction
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Norms
established rules of behaviours or standards of conduct
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Value
Collective ideas of what is right or wrong
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Manifest functions
Intended and recognised functions
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Latent functions
Unintended consequences of an activity or social process - Merton 1968
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Two conflict perspectives
Value conflict and critical conflict
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Value conflict
Social problems are conditions incompatible with group values. Discrepancies between ideal and real culture.
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Ideal and real culture
Ideal - values and beliefs people claim to hold. Real - Values and beliefs that are actually followed.
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Critical Conflict
Social problems arise from major contradictions within the way society is organised. Class inequalities in the economic system or gender, race inequalities
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Karl Marx 1818-1883
Class inequalities- Capitalism, an economic system characterised by private ownership of the means of production.
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Social Inequality
When a group or individual in society does not have equal social status or class
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Types of social inequality
Gender, Race and ethnicity, Class, Age, Sexual orientation, disability
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Social inequality of GENDER
Sex - Biological differences between female and male. Gender - social and cultural meanings attached to feminity and masculinity. Gender is learnt through socialisation
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Gender stratification
the ranking of the sexes, where women are unequal in power, opportunities and resources
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Gendered institutions
Patterned by gender
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Agents of socialisation
Primary - Family. Secondary - Peers (members of social groups linked by common interests), Education (sexual harassment - unwanted sexual advances, requests for sexual favours or physical conduct of a sexual nature), sports and the media - powerful
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Types of gender inequality
Individual sexism, Institutionalised sexism, Patriarchy, Linguistic sexism
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Individual sexism
Beliefs and actions of individuals rooted in anti-female prejudice and stereotypic beliefs
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Institutionalized sexism
The power men have to engage in sex discrimination at the organisational levels of society
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Patriarchy
A hierarchical structure where men dominate the cultural, political and economic structures within a society
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Five forms that contribute to gender inequality
Segregated work(pink collar/contingent), wage gap, sexual harassment, the glass ceiling/glass escalator effect and the double shift/second shift
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Glass ceiling/glass escalator effect
invisible barriers (glass) through which women can see elite positions but cannot reach them in the workforce
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Linguistic sexism (symbolic interactionist)
Communication that ignores and devalues one sex or the other, mostly women (*****, ****)
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Instrumental tasks (functionalist perspective)
Goal oriented - Men provide economic support and make the important decisions within the family
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Expressive tasks (functionalist perspective)
Emotionally oriented - Women nurture children and provide emotional supprt for the family. Procreation and socialisation of children
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Conflict theory on Gender inequality
Capitalism exploits women in the workplace and patriarchy exploits women in the home.
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Inequalit of CLASS
Inequality based on the ownership and control of resources and the type of work people do
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Social stratification
the placement of individuals into social groups based on their control over basic resources
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Social mobility
The upward and downward movement in the class system, occurs during a person's lifetime or from one generation to the other.
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Types of social mobility
Upward, downward, horizontal, vertical, structural, exchange, intergenerational and intragenerational
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Horizontal mobility
Change in position but within the same status
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Vertical mobility
movement of an individual from one status to another, higher or lower
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Inter generational mobility
Changes in the status of family members from one generation to the next
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Intra generational mobility- career
advancement of one's social level throughout his lifetime
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
C. Wright Mills- The ability to see the relationship between individual experiences and the larger society. Enable persons to make the connection between private problems and public issues. For example, Unemployment
Back
Sociological imagination
Card 3
Front
Focuses on small scale interactions between small groups and social interations between people
Back
Card 4
Front
Focuses on social processes existing on a societal level, especially in large organisations.
Back
Card 5
Front
A feeling of uneasiness about something, not founded on any concrete evidence that a problem exists. When a problem exists subjective awareness shifts to objective reality - when they person experiences the problem, or when it comes to pass.
Back
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