Cancer - fighting the enemy 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyImmunotherapy for cancer treatmentUniversityOther Created by: annawilliams2289Created on: 19-03-14 12:12 What is cancer? A disease of the cells. 1 of 19 How do you know if a cell is cancerous? It divides uncontrollably 2 of 19 How is cancer formed? Mutations in DNA 3 of 19 What four things can cause mutations? Genetic inheritence, environmental factors, natural cell processes, viruses 4 of 19 Tight control of ............... is lost in cancer cell division 5 of 19 What is a protein? A complete chain of amino acids, fully folded. 6 of 19 How do mutations in DNA lead to changes in the cell? They change the amino acid sequence of a protein, thereby changing it's function 7 of 19 What happens when a protein is degraded? It gets directed to the cell surface where it is displayed in MHC complexes. 8 of 19 What is an MHC complex? a group of proteins that present a peptide. 9 of 19 What type of cell will recognise epitopes when displayed in MHC complexes T-cell 10 of 19 Name three types of T-cell Killer, helper, regulatory 11 of 19 What is a cytokine A molecule which is secreted from a T-cell and signalls to other cells to communicate with them. 12 of 19 An antigen is to protein as an epitope is to... peptide 13 of 19 How do killer cells kill their target? They release cytotoxins which will be taken up by the target cell. They are toxic and so will kill the target cell. 14 of 19 What cytokine will draw in a regulatory T-cell? IL-10 15 of 19 What does a helper T-cell do? enhances the immune response by activating other immune cells. 16 of 19 How does a T-cell become fully activated By binding to the epitope and MHC through the TCR and getting a costimulatory signal 17 of 19 How can T-cells de-activate themselves Co-inhibitory signals 18 of 19 What does a regulatory T-cell do? Suppresses the immune response. 19 of 19
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