Cambridge Technical Level 3 IT

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  • Created by: aboy
  • Created on: 22-12-20 12:20
Input device
A device which is plugged in or connected to a computer
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Output device
A signal which comes out from the computer
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Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Unit that controls the actions of the Computer and manipulates required tasks
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Motherboard
A circuit board that connects the CPU to the memory and the all other hardware.
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Random Access Memory (RAM)
RAM is volatile memory; the computer storage saved by the RAM is only maintained while the computer is powered.
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Read Only Memory (ROM)
ROM is non-volatile memory; the computer will maintain instructions even when the computer is shut down.
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Universal Serial Bus (USB)
Most common computer port

(Printer, Camera/camcorder, and mobile phone)

Digital communication of short distance
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Firewire
Links devices which need high speed transfer of large amounts data

e.g. DVD player
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Serial Advanced Technology Attachement (SATA)
Connects optical and hard disk to computer
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Ethernet port
Used for cable based networks which links directly to the computer's network card (NIC)
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Hardware
The physical components of a computer
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Software
A program that run on the computer which manages hardware
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Solid State Drive (SSD)
internal computer storage device

Non-volatile memory

Fast read and write speed
no moving parts
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Flash Memory
Low cost

Portable

No moving parts

Durable

e.g. USB and SD Card
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Cloud Storage
Low cost

Easier management

Enables sharing and access from anywhere
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Copper wired connection
Twisted Pair (TP)

Commonly used in telephone systems

Several twisted pairs bought together to form a twisted cable

Untwisted pair (UTP)& Shielded Twisted pair
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Fibre Optic Cables
The fastest delivery by a cable.

The thinner the cable the better the signal.

The signal is sent down a glass rod/core, as a beam of light ; Optical fibre lamp
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Coaxial Cable
Copper wire based connector. This wire can be used to link television set to an aerial socket (Sky TV)
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Wireless connection
Do not use cable but use Radio Frequency (RF) to transmit data or instructions between devices

e.g. computer, printer, certain credit cards and payment terminals
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Wi-fi
Connecting devices via a network hub

Up to 92 meters depending on frequency and obstruction
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Laser networks
Sending data using a light beam to devices in a line of sight.

e.g. Satellite communication

Up to 10km but can be blocked by fog or haze
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Infarared technology
LED - emitting received by a photodiode in the receiving of a device

e.g. TV remote control
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Microwave Communication
Short radio waves to send signals via microwave towers

Can provide analogue or digital format

Must be in a sight with no obstruction
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Network Hub it
A node that broadcasts data to every computer or Ethernet-based device connect to it
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Switch
A switch is a device in a computer network that connect other devices together.
Multiple data cables are plugged into a switch to enable communication between different networked devices.
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Hybrid network
Any computer network that uses more than one type of connecting technology or topology

e.g. both Wi-fi and Ethernet cables to connect a computer router
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Router
Enables connection between network, switches to communicate between devices. To transfer data packets across the network.
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Open Source Software
Software that is dedicated to a community who will provide help and support

free or very low cost

users can upgrade or change the software

may not have a user-friendly interface
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Proprietary Software
Developed and professionally tested

There is a technical support platform (help service)

user licences apply
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Application software
Designed to carry out tasks

Account management, text creation and editing, presentation preparation and design drawing
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Utility Software
System software designed to help analyse, configure, optimise or maintain a computer

e.g. anti-virus software, backup software
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Protocols
A set of rules in which computers communicate with each other
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HTTP(S)
Web transfer protocol
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Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
The set of protocols used over the internet

It organises how packets are communicated and if they have the following source
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Voiceover Internet Protocol (VoIP)
Method of digital telephone, video - conferencing and teleconferencing

Converts analogue sound to digital sound
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Virtualisation
One physical computer performing the function of multiple computers
This is to create a simulated/ virtual network
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Hypervisor/Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)
A piece of computer software, firmware or hardware
It creates and runs a virtual machine.
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Servers
A server is a computer that provides data to other computers.

File server
Print server
Application & database Sever
Web, Mail and Hypervisor
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Computer Networks
The interconnection of computer to communicate and share files and resources

LAN - Local Area Network
WAN - Wide Area Network
CAN - Campus Area Network
MAN - Metropolitan Area Network
HAN - Home area Network
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Network toplogies
Logical layout of devices connected to a network

Bus - Single main cable to which computers are connected to

Ring - All computers are connected in a circle

Star - All computers have their own link to a central computer

Mesh - Where each computer can
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Peer to Peer
Each computer is responsible for providing data. Each computer stores files and acts as a server.
E.g. Lime wire and Pirate Bay
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Client Server
A relationship between two computers where the client makes a request to the server

e.g. Web Server - A web browser is the client which makes a request to the server and sends the website to the browser
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Bandwidth
The amount of data that can be carried at once

Transmission speed - Measured in Mbps (Megabits per Second) or Gbps (Gigabits per Second)
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Business system
Designed to connect all the organisations's intricate (complex) parts and interconnected steps to work together to achieve a business strategy
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Management Information System (MIS)
The processing of information through computers and other intelligent device
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Customer Relations Manager (CRM)
An approach to managing a company's interaction with current potential customers
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Standard Operations Procedure (SOP)
A set of step-by-step instruction complied by an organisation to help carry out complex routine operations.
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Help-desk
A resource intended to provide the customer or end user with information and support relating to products and services.
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Ethics
A set of moral principles that governs a person's behavior or the conduction of an activity
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Whistle-blowing
The practice of reporting abuses at work on a small or large scale for the hope of something being done about it
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Discrimination
Disability/gender/sexuality discrimination - under the Equal opportunities act
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Operational Issues
The issue that affects the daily or routine operations carried out by a business in order to fully function
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Security Information
This is about making sure all information stored by a company is secure and where necessary backups have been made.
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Backups
The use of backups & the restoration of the data are critical in ensuring the data is safe and secure.
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Health and Safety
Governed by Health & Safety at Work Act 1974, employers are legally obliged to look after the safety of their customers and staff.


Eye - Strain

Back and Neck Ache

Repetitive Strain Injury
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Procedures
The act of informing of staff of how to do things and polices are in place.
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Regulations
This is the process of updating and informing staff of legal issues in their workplaces
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Process
The act of making a company safe, wheelchair access, barriers, clothing, training on safety measures, fire tests, ladder climbing, object lifting. Procedures are practiced reviewed and improved regularly.
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Disaster and Planning & Recovery
The process and procedure a company puts in place to ensure that essential functions can continue during and after a disaster
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Phishing
An e-mail fraud method which the perpetrator sends out legitimate- looking email.
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Hacking
The process by which a Hacker gains unauthorised access to a computer system or a network.

Hacking can be carried out for reason such as data theft and simply testing organisation security.
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Virus
A computer program that is designed to replicating itself by copying itself into the other programs stored in a computer.
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Trojan
• Trojans are stealth applications which are designed to allow others to access your system
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Interception
This is where an unauthorised party gain access to an asset.

It is a direct threat to confidentiality and this can have major repercussions for a company e.g. poor image and reputation. to capture data on a network.
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Eavesdropping
An electronic attack where digital communications are intercepted by an individual who they are not intended.
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Data Theft
The theft of data that can be used for malicious purposes.
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Social Engineering
The context of information security, refers to psychological manipulation of people into performing actions or divulging confidential information.
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Lock & Key
This is defined as 'when essential systems are held in rooms and buildings which are secured under lock and key'

You will see a slot at the side where a padlocked chain can be placed to secure a device.
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Digital Keypads
These can be reprogrammed at regular intervals but cannot prevent access by observation or by colleagues passing the codes onto others.
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Biometrics
The implementation of technology to use biological information about ourselves as a method of unique identification.

Rentinal Scan

Fingerprint Recognition

Voice Recognition
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

A signal which comes out from the computer

Back

Output device

Card 3

Front

Unit that controls the actions of the Computer and manipulates required tasks

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A circuit board that connects the CPU to the memory and the all other hardware.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

RAM is volatile memory; the computer storage saved by the RAM is only maintained while the computer is powered.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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