Brain Development and Plasticity ( Part 1 )

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  • Created by: Anjelala
  • Created on: 13-12-17 19:38
What happens during the first week of conception ? ( Early brain development )
1)Blastocyst attaches to the uterine wall 2)The inner cell mass starts to make embryonic disk comprising of 3 types of germ cells
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what is a blastocyst ?
Blastocyst is a mass of 150 cells
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What are the 3 types of germs used in the formation of the embryonic disk ?
1) Endoderm 2) Mesoderm 3)Ectoderm
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What is the Mesoderm associated with ?
Muscles, and bones
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What is the Endoderm associated with ?
Organs
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What is the Ectoderm associated with ?
Nervous system, and skin
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What happens to the Ectoderm during the 2nd and the 3rd weeks of conception ?
Ectoderm begins to fold and form a neural tube
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When does the human central nervous system begin to form ?
When the Embryo is 2 weeks old
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How does the hindbrain, midbrain and the forebrain develop?
- A Neural tube forms around a fluid filled cavity - This structure sinks under the skin surface and develops hindbrain, mid brain, forebrain. -Fluid filled cavity becomes the central canal and the four ventricles.
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Explain the growth and development of neurons ( Maturation of the brain)
- Neural tube cells proliferate and migrate outwards -During migration neurones differentiate to take final form -Axons of neurones are myelinated and synapses are formed.
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Explain proliferation? ( Growth and Development of Neurones )
-Cells lining the ventricles divide -Some cells become stem cells continuing to divide - some cells remain where they are - some cells become neurones and glia and migrate
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Explain Migration? ( Growth and Development of Neurone )
- Chemicals ( Chemokines , Immunoglobins) guide the primitive neurons and glia towards final destinations in the brain .
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Explain the differentiation? ( Growth and Development of Neurones )
-Neurons develop an axon and dendrites - Axon before the dendrites , during the neurone migration or once its reached its target location.
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Explain Synaptogenesis? ( Growth and Development of Neurones)
- Formation of the synapses between neurons - final stage of neural development - process occurs through life due to neurons constantly forming new connections and discarding old ones - Process slows down late in life time
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Explain Myelination ? ( Growth and Development of Neurones)
-Process where Glia cells make myelin sheaths around axons for rapid transmission - Myelination starts at prenatal stage and continues into adulthood - It forms in spinal cord then hind b, mid b, forebrain.
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In the periphery what is the cortical gray matter?
-Cell bodies
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In the periphery what is the white matter?
-Myelinated axons
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is a blastocyst ?

Back

Blastocyst is a mass of 150 cells

Card 3

Front

What are the 3 types of germs used in the formation of the embryonic disk ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is the Mesoderm associated with ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is the Endoderm associated with ?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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