Biology Unit 3

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  • Created by: jenni2906
  • Created on: 10-05-15 16:37
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a constant internal environment.
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What needs to be controlled in the body?
Temperature, water, ion content, blood sugar, carbon dioxise, urea.
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What do the kidneys do?
Remove urea, adjust ions and water content.
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What does deforestation cause?
Less biodiversity, more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere due to less being taken in by photosynthesis and more methane because of the rice and sheep.
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Describe what happens when you breathe in.
Intercostal muscles and diaphragm contacts, thorax volume increses which decreases the pressure therefore drawing air in.
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Describe what happens when you breathe out.
Intercostal muscles and diaphram relax so thorax volume decreases and pressure increases which forces the air out.
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What happens during active transport?
Concentration of minerals are higher in the root hair cell so plant absorbs minerals from dilute solution against the concentration gradient to concentrated solution. It needs energy from respiration.
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What does the phloem do?
Transports food.
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What does the xylem do?
Takes water up.
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What is transpiration?
Loss of water caused by evaporation and diffusion.
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What do the arteries do?
Carry blood away from the heart.
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What do the capillaries do?
Involved in the exchange of materials at the tissue.
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What do the veins do?
Carry blood to the heart.
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One advantage of a modern ventilator.
More freedom of movement for the patient.
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One disadvantage of a modern ventilator.
Tube in the trachea is uncomfortable.
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What does a modern respirator do?
Forces air into the lungs.
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What does an iron lung do?
Atmospheric pressure forces air into lungs.
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What is the transpiration stream?
Movement of water from roots via xylem to the leaves.
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What is the downside of raising sheep?
Greater global warming, greater carbon dioxide output. Longer to produce sheep meat.
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Why is wholemeal bread better for people with diabetes?
Lower maximum in the blood sugar concentration so slower rise in blood sugar concentration. Person needs to take less insulin.
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How can you make food production more efficient?
Reduce number of steps in food chain, energy losses at each stage. Keep animals inside - less energy lost maintaining body temperature. Restrict movement - less energy used in movement.
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What is biodiversity?
Range of species in a habitat.
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What is the benefit of conserving biodiversity?
Conserved organisms may have future uses.
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How does global warming affect a species?
Change in migration and distribution.
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What happens when the body temperature is too high?
Blood vessels dilate so more heat is lost.
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What happens when the body temperature is too low?
Blood vessels constrict so more blood flows through skin.
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What happens to glycagon in the pancreas?
It is made in the pancreas and converted to glucose and then released into the blood.
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What do platelets do?
Form clots at site of wound.
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What happens in the hepatic vein?
When concentration is high, glucose is absorbed from intestine. When concentration lower, insulin has caused glucose to be converted to glycogen.
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Why do animals grow?
Increased surface area, shorter diffusion pathway, increase in gas exchange.
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What happens when glucose is filtered out of urine?
It is filtered out of urine so not excreted, then filtered out of blood, then back into blood by active transport.
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What is a stent?
Helps keep artery open which allows more blood through.
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Advantages and disadvantages of an artificial heart.
Useful where no other treatment is avaliable. Low success rate. Limited lifespan. Risk of infection. Discomfort for heart.
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What happens when animals are kept in cramped conditions?
Temperature and food are controlled. This increases efficiency and farmer can have more livestock. Causes stress to animals and faster spread of diseases. Unethical.
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What is osmosis?
The movement of water particles across a partially permeable membrane from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration.
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What happens in a biogas generator?
Faeces is broken down by fermentation into methane.
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Features of the capillaries.
Thin walls for short diffusion path. Narrow so have a large surface area to volume ratio.
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Features of red blood cells.
They have no nucleus which allows cell to have more haemoglobin for oxygen transport.
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What happens in the lungs?
Oxygen diffuses into blood. RBC oxygen combines with haemoglobin forming oxyhaemoglobin. In tissues, oxyhaemoglobin splits up releasing oxygen which diffuses into cells.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What needs to be controlled in the body?

Back

Temperature, water, ion content, blood sugar, carbon dioxise, urea.

Card 3

Front

What do the kidneys do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What does deforestation cause?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe what happens when you breathe in.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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