Biology Unit 1

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  • Created by: jenni2906
  • Created on: 24-05-15 19:23
What happens when there is variation in ancestors?
There is more food for fittest breed so the gene is passed to the next generation.
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What is sexual reproduction?
Fusion of the gametes.
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What happens in cloning?
Skin cell and egg cell. Remove nucleus from egg cell. Nucleus of skin cell in egg cell. Electric shock. Egg cell divides. Embryo formed. Embryo placed in womb.
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What is metabolic rate and what affects it?
Rate of chemical reactions in the body. Genetics and gender affect it.
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Describe the carbon cycle.
Photosynthesis takes in CO2. Plants use carbon to make carbohydrates. Animals eat plants. Plants respire. Animals respire. Respiration releases CO2. Plants and animals die. Microorganisms decay and respire.
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What happens at the synapse?
Chemicals diffuse across synapse and transmit impulses between neurones.
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What is the plant hormone?
Auxin.
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What is asexual reproduction?
No mixing of genetic material, no fusion of gametes, one parent.
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What does auxin do?
Unequal light distribution so there is more hormone on the dark side so growth on the dark side.
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What happens in genetic modification?
Enzymes are cut out and transferred at early stage of development.
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What is a hormone?
Chemical messenger that travels in the bloodstream.
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What does FSH do?
Stimulates oestrogen production and inhibits FSH.
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What is a drug?
Chemicals that affect chemical reactions in the body.
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What is an extremophile?
Organisms that survive in extreme conditions.
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What is the order of the CNS?
Stimulus, receptor, sensory, relay, motor.
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How does the immune system work?
WBC engulf and digest pathogens. WBC recognizes antigens of pathogens and produce antibodies. Antibodies are produced rapidly to kill all of that specific pathogen. Antitoxins are produced to counteract toxins produced by pathogens.
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Pros and cons of vaccinations?
Control infectious diseases, prevents epidemics. Don't always work, can have bad reaction.
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Who was Semmelweis and what did he do?
1840s doctor, cut deathrate of women from puerperal fever from 12% to 2% by getting doctors to wash hands between patients.
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What is the difference between nerves and hormones?
Nerves: fast action, act for a short time and precise area. Hormones: slower, long time, general.
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What is FSH?
Produced in pituitary gland, causes egg to mature in ovaries, stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen.
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What is oestrogen?
Produced in the ovaries, causes pituitary to produce LH, inhibits further release of FSH.
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What is LH?
Produced by pituitary gland, stimulates release of an egg at the middle od menstrual cycle.
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What are the three stages of drug testing?
Tested on human cells and tissues, tested on live animals, tested on human volunteers - healthy then sick.
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Thalidomide?
Sleeping pill, relieved morning sickness, caused abnormal limb development. Now used to treat leprosy.
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What was Charles Darwins theory?
Natural selection: individual has variation, better adapted, better chance of survival, genes passed onto next generation.
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What was Lamarck's theory?
If a characteristic was useful, acquired characteristics ssed onto next generation.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is sexual reproduction?

Back

Fusion of the gametes.

Card 3

Front

What happens in cloning?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is metabolic rate and what affects it?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Describe the carbon cycle.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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