Biology Unit 1 3.5 / 5 based on 4 ratings ? BiologyB1GCSEOCR Created by: bethfreyaCreated on: 24-03-14 21:30 Definition of healthy. Free of infections or disease. 1 of 34 Definition of fit. How well you can perform physical tasks. 2 of 34 How can we measure fitness? (5 points) Strength, speed, agility, flexibility, stamina 3 of 34 What is systolic pressure? When the heart contracts - it is at its highest pressure. 4 of 34 What is diastolic pressure? When the heart is relaxed - it is at its lowest pressure. 5 of 34 What is blood pressure measured in? mm of mercury (mmHg) 6 of 34 In a healthy person, what should blood pressure be under? 135 (systolic) over 85 (diastolic) 7 of 34 What factors increase blood pressure? (4 points) Smoking, being overweight, drinking too much alcohol, being under lots of stres 8 of 34 What is the danger of high blood pressure? Blood vessels can burst, leading to strokes, brain damage and kidney damage 9 of 34 How can high blood pressure be decreased? Eating a balanced diet, doing regular exercise, drugs can be used in extreme cases. 10 of 34 What problems can low blood pressure cause? Causes poor circulation, cells don't get sufficient oxygen. If the brain doesn't have enough oxygen and food you will get dizzy and end up fainting. 11 of 34 What 2 chemicals are in cigarettes that increase blood pressure? Carbon monoxide and nicotine 12 of 34 How does carbon monoxide affect the heart rate? Combines with haemoglobin, reducing amount of oxygen red blood cells can carry. 13 of 34 Saturated fats cause a build up of.... Cholesterol 14 of 34 I diet high in ..... Puts you more at risk of developing heart disease. Saturated fats 15 of 34 What is the scientific word for a blood clot? A Thrombosis 16 of 34 What happens if the coronary arteries become narrowed (due to plaques)? The heart muscle receives less oxygen 17 of 34 What does nicotine do? Increases heart rate 18 of 34 What are the 6 essential nutrients? Proteins, minerals, vitamins, carbohydrates, fats, water. 19 of 34 What are proteins made up of? Amino acids 20 of 34 What are proteins needed for? Growth and repair of tissue and to provide energy in emergencies. 21 of 34 What are carbohydrates made up of? Simple sugars (e.g. Glucose) 22 of 34 What are carbohydrates used for? Providing energy 23 of 34 Where are carbohydrates stored? In the liver as glycogen or converted to fat. 24 of 34 What are fats made up of? Fatty Acids and glycerol 25 of 34 Where are fats stored? Under the skin as adipose tissue 26 of 34 What are fats used for? Providing energy, acting as an energy store and providing insulation 27 of 34 Why might people choose to eat a different diet? (2 points) Religious reasons (Hindus believe cows are sacred), personal reasons (vegetarian or vegan) 28 of 34 Which religion chooses a different diet? Hindus believe cows are sacred (Hinduism) 29 of 34 How might energy and nutrients vary between people? Gender, age, physical activity 30 of 34 What nutrients do females need more of than ales? Iron to replace the iron lost in menstrual blood. 31 of 34 What nutrients do children and teenagers need more of? Protein for growth. 32 of 34 What nutrients do older people need more of? Calcium to protect against degenerative bond diseases like osteoporosis. 33 of 34 What two nutrients do more physically active people need more of? Protei. 34 of 34
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