a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function
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what is meant by the term 'organ system'
a group of organs working together to form a particular function
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what does it mean when an enzyme has been 'denatured'
if it gets too hit some of the bonds holding the enzyme together break. this changes the shape of the enzyme's active site, so the substrate won't fit anymore. this enzyme is said to be denatured
3 of 26
list the 3 places where amylase is made in the human body
salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine
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what is the role of lipases?
to convert lipids into glycerol and fatty acids
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where is bile stored?
gall bladder
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name the solution that you would use to test for the presence of lipids in a food sample
Sudan III stain solution
7 of 26
name the tubes that split off the trachea
bronchi
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explain the role that alveoli play in gas exchange
oxygen diffuses out of the alveolus into the blood. Carbon dioxide diffuses out of the blood into the alveolus ready to be breathed out.
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why's the human circulatory system described as a 'double circulatory system'
two circuits joined together. 1st one = right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to take in oxygen, then blood returns to heart. 2nd one= left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood round all other organs, gives up oxygen the returns to heart
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why does the heart have valves?
to make sure that blood flows in the right direction -they prevent it flowing backwards
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name the 4 chambers of the heart
right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium and left ventricle
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how is the resting heart rate controlled in a healthy heart
by a group of cells in the right atrium wall that act as a pacemaker
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how are arteries adapted to take blood away from the heart?
artery walls are strong and elastic (heart pumps blood out at high pressure), thick walls and thick layers of muscle
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why do red blood cells not have a nucleus?
more room to carry oxygen
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2 advantages and 2 disadvantages of statins
advantages = reduces risk of strokes, coronary heart disease and heart attacks. decreases amount of 'bad' cholesterol and increases 'good' cholesterol. disadvantages= long term and negative side effects
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what is meant by a non-communicable disease?
diseases that cannot spread between people or animals
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what's meant by a risk factor of a disease?
things that are linked to an increase in the likelihood that a person will develop a certain disease during their lifetime
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