Biology Topic 1C Diet and Health
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- Created by: Ionahar
- Created on: 18-01-23 20:52
What is energy budget?
the amount of energy taken in and the amount of energy used up
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What is the ideal amount of energy a person should have?
The same amount they take in as they use up
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Describe the energy input and output of a person has gained weight?
Higher intake than output
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Describe the energy input and output of a person has lost weight?
Higher output than intake
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How many calories should men and women take?
women-2000
men-2500
men-2500
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What is a carbohydrate?
A large complex polymer composed of long chains of monosaccharides, e.g. starch
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How many carbon bonds does Glucose contain?
6
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Name the two type of glucose?
α-glucose and β-glucose
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How is glucose's structure related to its function?
1-Its structure makes it soluble
2-the glyosidic bond carry lots of energy
2-the glyosidic bond carry lots of energy
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When monosaccharides join together what do they 2 things do the form?
1-Disaccharides
2-Polysaccharides
2-Polysaccharides
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What reaction joins them together?
Condensation reaction
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What bonds form between monosaccharides?
Glyosidic bonds
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What group does hydrogen bond to, in the condensation of monosaccharides?
Hydroxyl(-OH)
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What reaction reverse the formation of a glyosidic bond?
Hydrolosis
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Name 2 differences between monosaccharide and disaccharide?
1-Monosaccharides are more soluble than disaccharide's
2-Disaccarides store more energy than monosaccharides
2-Disaccarides store more energy than monosaccharides
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What two monosaccharides form Lactose and what is there glyosidic bond?
Glucose and Galactose
1-4 glyosidic bonds
1-4 glyosidic bonds
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What two monosaccharides form Sucrose and what is there glyosidic bond?
.Glucose and fructose
1-2 glyosidic bond
1-2 glyosidic bond
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What two monosaccharides form Maltose and what is there glyosidic bond?
Glucoses x2
1-4 glyosidic bond
1-4 glyosidic bond
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what is the main energy storage in plants?
Starch
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What are the 2 polysaccharides starch is made up of?
Amylose & Amylopectin
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Describe the structure and function Amylose?(3)
-Long unbranched chain of glucose(1-4 glyosidic bonds)
-The angles of the bonds make it coiled
-It being coiled means it can fit into really small spaces and is good for storage
-The angles of the bonds make it coiled
-It being coiled means it can fit into really small spaces and is good for storage
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Describe the structure and function Amylopectin?(3)
-long branched chains of glucose(contain 1-4 glyosidic bonds)
-It has side branched sides that allow enzymes to breakdown easily
-Allowing fast release of glucose
-It has side branched sides that allow enzymes to breakdown easily
-Allowing fast release of glucose
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Describe the structure of triglycerides?
1-glycerol
3-Fatty acids
3-Fatty acids
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What is the tail of the fatty acids made up?
Hydrocarbon
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How do these tails make lipids insoluble?
They are Hydrophobic
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What reaction forms triglycerides?
Condensation
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What bond join glycerol and fatty acids?
Ester bonds
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Name the two types of Lipids?
Saturated and Unsaturated
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Where are saturated Lipids usually found?
Animals
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Where are unsaturated fats usually found?
Plants
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Why does the structure of saturated lipids relate to it being called saturated?
In the fatty acid tail, they are no double carbon bonds between the carbon atom and every carbon is joint to 2 hydrogen's or 'saturated' with hydrogen
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Why does the structure of unsaturated lipids relate to it being called unsaturated?
Because the fatty acid tail has double carbon bonds, meaning only one hydrogen can join it
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What is a polyunsaturated lipid?
This is a lipid that had more than one double carbon bond
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What is cholesterol?
a type of lipid
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Why does cholesterol need to be attached to protein?
To move around the body
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what is it called when cholesterol is attached to protein?
A lipoprotein
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What is HDL's & LDL's?
High density lipoproteins
&
Low density lipoproteins
&
Low density lipoproteins
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What are HDL's mainly made of?
Protein
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What are LDL's mainly made of?
Lipids
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What is better HDL or LDL?
HDL
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the ideal amount of energy a person should have?
Back
The same amount they take in as they use up
Card 3
Front
Describe the energy input and output of a person has gained weight?
Back
Card 4
Front
Describe the energy input and output of a person has lost weight?
Back
Card 5
Front
How many calories should men and women take?
Back
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