Biology - Mocks 0.0 / 5 ? BiologymixedGCSEAQA Created by: Immms06Created on: 07-06-21 18:40 What are the two types of cell? Eukaryotes (Plant and animals) Prokaryotes (Bacteria) 1 of 25 What are the difference between eukariotic and prokaryotic cells? Prokaryotic cells are much smaller than eukaryotic cells Eukaryotic cells contain bound-organelles and a nucleus containing genetic material. 2 of 25 What is the prokaryotic cell wall composed of? Peptidoglycan 3 of 25 How is genetic information stored in a prokaryotic cell? It is found in the cytoplasm as chromosomal DNA and plasmid DNA 4 of 25 What are plasmids? Small loops of DNA found in the cytoplasm and separate from the main DNA and they carry genes that provide genetic advantages. 5 of 25 List the components of both plant and animal cells (5) Nucleus Cytoplasm Cell membrane Mitochondria Ribosomes 6 of 25 Additional cell components found in plant cells (3) Chloroplasts Permanent vacuole Cell wall 7 of 25 Nucleus contains genetic material that controls the activity of the cell 8 of 25 Cytoplasm gel like substance where chemical reactions happens and contains enzymes that control chemical reactions 9 of 25 Cell membrane hold the cell together and controls what enters and exits 10 of 25 Mitochondria this is where aerobic respiration takes place 11 of 25 Ribosomes proteins made in the cell 12 of 25 Chloroplasts photosynthesis occurs which makes food for the plant 13 of 25 Permanent vacuole contains sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts 14 of 25 Cell wall supports the cell 15 of 25 What are chromosomes made up of? DNA molecules with proteins and contain genes which provide the instructions for protein synthesis 16 of 25 What is a gene? A section of DNA that codes for a protein 17 of 25 What are the three main stages of the cell cycle 1. Replication of DNA and synthesis of organelles 2. Mitosis 3. Division of cell 18 of 25 Why is mitosis important? Produces identical cells which all have the same genetic information and produces additional cells for growth and repair 19 of 25 Replication of DNA and synthesis or organelles Cells grow and increase in size and replicate DNA and synthesise more organelles 20 of 25 Mitosis Each chromosome in a pair is pulled to opposite poles of the cell and then the nucleus divides 21 of 25 Division of cells The cytoplasm and cell membrane divide - two identical cells are produced 22 of 25 What is diffusion? Particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration 23 of 25 Osmosis The movement from a dilute solution through a partially permeable membrane 24 of 25 Active transport The movement of molecules from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution against a concentration gradient using energy from respiration 25 of 25
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