Biology - Cancer 5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? BiologyCells, tissues and organsGCSEAQA Created by: LunaShomeiRoseCreated on: 14-10-18 16:35 __ is when one cell is copied into two. Mitosis 1 of 28 When does it occur the most? During growth and repair (after injury) 2 of 28 Mitosis is tightly controlled. __ in nucleus tell cells when to divide and when it stop Genes 3 of 28 If changes take place in genes, what can it cause? Uncontrolled growth + mitosis 4 of 28 What would this produce? Tumour (growth) 5 of 28 What are the two types of tumours? Benign ans Malignant 6 of 28 Which tumor cell is classed as a cancer? Mlignant 7 of 28 ___ are growths of abnormal cells found in one area (stay in one place + contained in membrane) Benign 8 of 28 ___ invade near by tissues + move into blood, spreading through body and forming more tumours (secondary tumours) Malignant 9 of 28 Some cancer is genetic, meaning... We inherit risk of cancer from parents 10 of 28 What are some examples of these? Certain types of breast cancer, prostate cancer, cancer of large intestine 11 of 28 Other cancer is linked to lifestyle. What is lung cancer linked to? Smoking 12 of 28 What's skin cancer linked to? Exposure to ultraviolet light (sunbathing) 13 of 28 What's thorat/mouth cancer linked to? Drinking alcohol 14 of 28 Some cancer is caused by substances in environmental. Radon is a good example. What is Radon? Radioactive gas 15 of 28 Radon increases risk of getting __ cancer Lung 16 of 28 Why is this? Radon releases ionising radiation that damages DNA in cells, leading to uncontrolled mitosis, leading to cancer 17 of 28 What does interphase mean? Cells are doing their normal functions (replicating their DNA, growing) instead of dividing (mitosis stage) 18 of 28 Cells are in interphase most the time. Why is it a bad thing if cells are constantly dividing (mitosis)? Means they're not carrying out their functions. 19 of 28 What does apoptosis mean? A cell destroys self as it isn't working correctly (e.g. uncontrolled growth) 20 of 28 Cancer cells are cells that are constantly doing ___ and not self destructing like they should Mitosis 21 of 28 This means they can grow into... Tomours (mass of cancer cells) 22 of 28 Explain how chemotherapy help with cancer? Tagets cells that are going through cell cycle quickly + hit mitosis quickly (cancer cells - fast growing cells) 23 of 28 Why do people lose their hair because of this? You hair is a fast growing cell so it is also targeted through chemotherapy 24 of 28 During cell cycle there're checkpoints that regulate cells and if the cell is damaged.... Keeps it from continuing on if it's damaged 25 of 28 ___ cells, however, do not follow this rule as they are out of control Cancer 26 of 28 Cancer cells can secrete their own growth hormone. Why is this such a bad thing? It means the blood vessels will divert over to cancer cells + provide nutrients they need to keep growing out of control 27 of 28 What are the two stages cells can be in? Mitosis and interphase 28 of 28
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