What is the molecular formula for the carboxyl group of a fatty acid chain
COOH
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What are the 2 types of fatty acid. Describe structure.
Saturated: all carbon atoms connected by single covalent bond (simple structure). Unsaturated: contain 1 or more double bonds between carbon atoms in the chain (less number of H atoms)
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What is the meaning of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated in unsaturated in unsaturated fatty acids
mono= only one double bond; poly= 2 or more double bonds
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Explain cis and trans
Cis= H atoms on same side of double bond (kinkier/ bent); Trans: on opposite sides (straighter)
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List 3 functions of lipids?
Energy storage (as well as carbohydrates). Waterproofing. Protection of major organs. Insulation. Buoyancy.
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What is the advantage of using lipids over carbohydrates for long-term energy storage?
Lipids release double the amount of energy (therefore only half as much to body mass). More efficient because they are not associated with water (more 'pure' energy). Lipids have secondary functions.
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What is the name of the bond formed from the condensation (building up) reaction in lipids?
Ester
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How do you work out BMI? (body mass index)
mass [kg] / (height [m]) squared
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What is the risk of trans fats? (mostly artificially produced and banned in some countries)
Positive correlation with CHD (coronary heart disease). High levels of trans fatty acids in diseased arteries were found in CHD patients. A correlation was found between saturated FAs but only in certain populations (i.e. not Maasai tribe)
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In what foods can you find saturated fatty acids?
animal fats, vegetable oils.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Describe the structure of a triglyceride
Back
3 fatty acids & 1 glycerol. Made by condensation reaction so have 3 hydrocarbon tails. Include substances such as fats & oils
Card 3
Front
Describe the structure of a phospholipid
Back
Card 4
Front
Give 2 examples of a steroid
Back
Card 5
Front
What is the molecular formula for the carboxyl group of a fatty acid chain
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