biological theories

?
criminals could be clearly identified by their looks
Lombroso 1876
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criminals could have: (1/9)
large jaw
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criminals could have (2/9)
eyebrows meet in the middle
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criminals could have: (3/9)
high cheek bones
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criminals could have: (4/9)
big ears
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criminals coukd have (5/9)
thick lips
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criminals coukd have (6/9)
curly hair
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criminals coukd have (7/9)
left-handed
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criminals coukd have (8/9)
arm span is longer than their height
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criminals coukd have (9/9)
extra fingers/toes/*******
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criticism of lombroso (1)
study was not representative
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criticism of lombroso (2)
only examined a small sample
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criticism of lombroso (3)
physical differences could be down to material factors
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criticism of lombroso (4)
fails to examine how deviants can be created by society
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criticism of lombroso (5)
didn't examine how those without the physical traits could also be criminal
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criticism of lombroso (6)
Goring 1972
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there is a strong correlation between body morphology and criminal behaviour in teenagers
Sheldon 1949
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fat and soft, relaxed, pleasure loving, enjoy food and others company
Endomorphs
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thin and fragile, solitary, restrained, self-conscious
Ectomorph
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muscular and hard, aggressive, high pain tolerance, callous, uncaring
Mesomorph
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criticism of sheldon (1)
sample wasn't representative
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criticism of sheldon (2)
mistook correlation with causation
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criticism of sheldon (3)
maybe societies reaction towards the body type differs
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criticism of sheldon (4)
Blackburn 1993
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emotions are in the...
limbic system
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decision making is in the....
frontal lobe
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suffered a traumatic brain injury at work when an iron rid was forced through his entire skull
Phineas Gage
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the super-male gene
XYY Syndrome
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approximately _ in every ____ males have XYY Syndrome
1 in every 1000 males
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people with XYY Syndrome are more likely to be...
aggressive
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found that men with XYY Syndrome were more aggressive than normal XY men
Jacobs et al 1965
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criticism of XYY SYndrome (1)
theory is too deterministic
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criticism of XYY Syndrome (2)
Witkin 1976
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criticism of XYY Syndrome (3)
Theilgaard 1984
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the warrior gene
MAOA gene
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located on the...
X chromosome
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studied mice genetically engineered to lack MAOA.
Cases et al 1995
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was idetntified as having low functioning MAOA gene (MAOA-L) in 2006
Brafley Waldroup
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Evaluation of MAOA-L (1)
too absolute
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Evaluation of MAOA-L (2)
does not take into account that aggressive behaviour can be learnt through imitation
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Evaluation of MAOA-L (3)
does not take into account for other factors that can lead to aggressive behaviour
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psychologists examine the character traits twins share by looking at...
Concordance Rates
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identical twins
Monozygotic
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non-identical twins
Dizygotic
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if there is ____ ___________ ____ between MZ twins, there could be a genetic cause for that trait
high concordance rate
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studied 3586 pairs of twins and found that there was a link between criminality and genetics
Christianson 1977
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evaluation of twin studies
most twins share the same environment
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argue that environmental factors influence their behaviour
Adoption Studies
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examined court convictions and found 14,000 adoptees amongst them
Mednick et al 1987
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evaluation of adoption studies (1)
age of a child that is adopted can influence the results
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evaluation of adoption studies (2)
amount of contact the child has with their biological parents could influence the studies
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evaluation of adoption studies (3)
small sample sizes
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

criminals could have: (1/9)

Back

large jaw

Card 3

Front

criminals could have (2/9)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

criminals could have: (3/9)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

criminals could have: (4/9)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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