Biochemistry

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  • Created by: Cal1234
  • Created on: 25-03-19 14:13
What is the term for low blood protein
Hypoproteinaemia
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what is hypoproteinaemia caused by
loss or reduced production
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4 examples of causes of hypoproteinaemia
hemorrhage, PLE, PLN, pregnancy
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What is the term for increased blood protein
Hyperproteinaemia
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what are the causes of hyperproteinaemia
dehydration, increased globulins
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2 examples of causes of hyperproteinaemia
neoplastic diseases, inflammatory disease e.g. FIP
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Define Hyperbilirubinaemia
Where the production of bilirubin exceeds the ability of the liver to process unconjugated bilirubin
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What are the clinical signs of hyperbilirubinaemia
jaundice/icterus
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What are the three types of jaundice
Pre-hepatic, hepatic,post-hepatic
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what are the causes of pre-hepatic jaundice
haemolytic anemia, internal hemorrhage
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What are the causes of hepatic jaundice
liver disease
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what are the causes of post hepatic jaundice
biliary tract obstruction
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Where is urea produced
liver
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what are the 7 causes of increased urea
renal dysfunction, high protein diet, GI hemorrhage, steroids, fever, burns, sepsis
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what are the 3 causes of decreased urea
sever liver dysfunction, protein restriction, anabolic steroids
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How is creatinine produced
a product of creatinine kinase breakdown in muscles
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what is the term for increased urea and increased creatinine
azotaenia
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What i the term for increased glucose
hyperglycaemia
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4 cause of hypoglycaemia
stress, post feed sample, inflammation, drugs (alpha 2 agonist)
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3 causes of hypoglycemia and their examples
Lab errors, Increased usage (insulin overdose, pancreatic tumors, sepsis), Decreased intake (starvation, liver disease)
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What is the term for increased blood potassium
Hyperkalaemia
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4 causes of hyperkalaemia
EDTA contamination, hypoadrenocorticosism, urethral obstruction, ruptured bladder
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what is the term for decreased blood potassium
hypokalaemia
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5 causes of hypokalaemia
Gi losses, kidney disease, insulin therapy, anorexia, diuretic therapy
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what are the 4 liver enzymes measured
ALT, ALKP, AST, GGT
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what does ALT stand for
alanine transferase
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What does ALKP/ALP stand for
alkaline phosphatase
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What does AST stand for
aspartate aminotransferase
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What does GGT stand for
gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
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What do raised levels of liver enzymes indicate
leakage from injured cells/ increased production/ both
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Card 2

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what is hypoproteinaemia caused by

Back

loss or reduced production

Card 3

Front

4 examples of causes of hypoproteinaemia

Back

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Card 4

Front

What is the term for increased blood protein

Back

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Card 5

Front

what are the causes of hyperproteinaemia

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