keeping the conditions inside our body and cells at the right levels,in response to internal and external conditions
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Why is Homeostasis important?
to maintain the best conditions for cell functions and enzymes to work
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What 3 factors must be controlled in the human body?
blood glucose concentration,body temperature and the water levels in our bodies
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What are receptor cells?
Specialised cells that detect stimuli (a change in a environment)
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What is a stimulus?
A change in the enviroment
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What does the nervous system allow humans to do?
React to their surroundings and coordinate their behaviour
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What can effectors be?
Muscles and glands are effectors
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What do effectors do?
Effectors respond,muscles contract and glands release hormones.
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How does information travel in the nervous system?
Electrical impulses
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What organs are in the central nervous system?
The brain and spinal cord
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How are reflex actions different to voluntary actions?
Reflex actions are automatic and rapid.They do not involve the conscious part of the brain.
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Why are reflex actions are important?
They protect us from harm
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what is a synapse?
Tiny gap between two nerve cells (neurons)
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How do signals cross a synapse?
The electrical signal is passed over the gap by chemicals (neurotransmitters)which move across the gap and set new electrical impulse in the next neuron's.
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What is meant by reaction time?
The time taken to respond to a stimulus
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What factors could affect a persons reaction time?
their age,gender and whether they have had drugs e.g caffeine
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Which neurone takes the message to the coordinator (brain/spine)?
Sensory neurone
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Which neurone takes the message from the coordinator to the effectors?
motor neurone
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What does the endocrine system consist of?
Glands and hormones
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what do glands produce and secrete?
Hormones
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what are hormones?
Chemical messengers that travel in the blood
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Where are adrenal glands located?
above the kidneys
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What hormones do adrenal glands release into the blood?
Adrenaline
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Where is the thyroid gland located?
In the neck
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What hormones do the thyroid glands release into the blood?
Thyroxine
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Where is the pituitary gland located?
in the brain
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Which gland is called the master gland and produces several hormones
the pituitary gland
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which organ controls and monitors the blood glucose levels?
the pancreas by producing insulin and glucagon
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What happens if blood glucose concentration is too high?
the pancreas releases insulin that causes glucose to move into cells and out of the blood.In the liver and muscles cells the glucose was released into the blood
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What is glycogen?
glycogen is a long chain of glucose
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What happens if blood glucose concentration is too low?
pancreas releases glucagon,which causes the gycogen to be converted into glucose and released into the blood.
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what is type 1 diabetes?
When the pancreas produces no or little insulin.
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How is type 1 diabetes treated?
insulin injections
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what is type 2 diabetes?
when the body cells no longer respond to insulin
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what is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes?
obesity
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how is type 2 diabetes treated?
carb controlled diet and regular exercise
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what happens during puberty to girls?
They develop breasts,pubic hair and hips widen
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what happens to boys during puberty?
they develop facial hair,pubic hair and voice breaks
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what are the main sex hormones for males and females?
males-Testosterone
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Why is Homeostasis important?
Back
to maintain the best conditions for cell functions and enzymes to work
Card 3
Front
What 3 factors must be controlled in the human body?
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