Attention

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  • Created by: Phoebe28
  • Created on: 18-05-17 18:10
Define attention
Attention, defined by William James, istaking possession by the mind. It involves several simultaneously possible objects of train of thoughts
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What are the key aspects of attention?
Capacity limitation: cog system in that the brain is, limited info processing capacity at one time/ Selectivity: info relevant for the control of cog + behav needs to be selected somehow among the wide pool of possibilities
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Endogenous attention vs exogenous attention
Endogenous: attention is directed voluntarily + guided by internal goals - under cog control/ Exogenous: involuntarily + guided by external stimuli - reflexive - attention is captured automatically (paying attention to stimuli you didn't now you)
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Covert attention vs overt attention
Covert: eyes remain at their current point of fixation - focus on object that is visible in corner of your eye/ Overt: shifts are indicated by saccadic eye movements or saccades
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What are saccades?
rapic ballistic movements of the eyes from current location of fixation to new location
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Unimodal attention vs crossmodal attention
Unimodal: reflects attention in one sensory modality (visual, auditory etc)/ Crossmodal: reflects mechanisms in diff modality - direct visual attention to the location of a sound you just heard
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Spatial attention vs non-spatial attention
Spatial: directing attention to particular locations e.g visual field/ Non-spatial: directing attention to particular stimulus regardless of its spatial location
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Early selection theory vs late selection theory
Early: all selection of stimuli happens relatively early in the sequence of perceptual processing/ Late: all stimuli are processed up to identification before selection takes place
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Give an example of an early selection theory
Selective filter theory - cog system is responsible for stimulus identification - only capable of handling one stimulus at a time
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What is the processing like in selective filter theory?
Processing happens before filter - operates in parallel - more elaborate processing of stimuli leading to identification occurs serially e.g cocktail party effect - follow one person's talking even if multiple people are talking in the room
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What does the late selection theory propose?
Processing + identification of stimuli proceeds unselectively without any capacity limitations - attention begins after perceptual processing - observer is aware of stimulus selected
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Card 2

Front

What are the key aspects of attention?

Back

Capacity limitation: cog system in that the brain is, limited info processing capacity at one time/ Selectivity: info relevant for the control of cog + behav needs to be selected somehow among the wide pool of possibilities

Card 3

Front

Endogenous attention vs exogenous attention

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Covert attention vs overt attention

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What are saccades?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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