AQA C1.3- Metals and Their Uses

Flashcards covering all of C1.2, metals and their uses- including extracting metals and making alloys

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  • Created by: Charlotte
  • Created on: 13-05-13 17:05
____ are naturally occurring rocks that contain metal or metal compounds
ores
1 of 91
The Earth's _____ contains metals and metal compounds such as gold, iron oxide and aliminuim oxide
crust
2 of 91
To become useful, the metals have to be _________ from whatever they are mixed with
extracted
3 of 91
What is a metal ore?
a metal ore is a rock containing a metal or metal compound in a high enough concentration to make it economic to extract the metal
4 of 91
Ores are _____
mined
5 of 91
Metals are produced when metal oxides are ______
reduced
6 of 91
The reduction method depends on the __________ of the metal
reactivity
7 of 91
Reactive metals are extracted by ____________
electrolysis
8 of 91
Less reactive metals are extracted by reaction with ______ or ______ ________
carbon, carbon monoxide
9 of 91
Name three metals that are high in the reactivity series and are therefore extracted form their ores by electrolysis
any from: potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, aliminuim
10 of 91
The method of __________ of a metal from its ore depends on its position in the __________ series
extraction, reactivity
11 of 91
Name two metals that are lower down in the reactivity series and are therefore extracted by reaction with carbon or carbon monoxide
any from: zinc, iron, tin, lead
12 of 91
Gold is very __________
unreactive
13 of 91
Gold is found in its pure form and not as a ________ because it is so unreactive
compound, unreactive
14 of 91
____________ ______ are placed in a large block in the middle of the periodic table between groups 2 and 3
transition metals
15 of 91
Most metals are __________ ______
transition metals
16 of 91
Name two commonly known transition metals
any from: iron, titanium, iron, cobalt, copper, zinc, silver, gold, mercury,
17 of 91
All transition metals are ______
metals
18 of 91
Transition metals are good __________ of heat and electricity
conductors
19 of 91
Transition metals can be hammered or bent into shape ______
easily
20 of 91
Transition metals are useful as _____________ metals
construction
21 of 91
Iron is extracted from iron ore in a _____ _______
blast furnace
22 of 91
Iron ores contain ____ _____
iron oxide
23 of 91
The ______ must be removed from the iron oxide to leave the iron behind
oxygen
24 of 91
Reactions in which oxygen is removed are called ________ _________
reduction reactions
25 of 91
______ is more reactive than iron
carbon
26 of 91
Carbon can ________ the iron from iron oxide
displace
27 of 91
What is the word equation for the carbon displacement of iron oxide?
iron oxide + carbon --------------) iron + carbon dioxide
28 of 91
What is the symbol equation for the carbon displacement of iron oxide?
2Fe2O3 + 3C ---------------) 4Fe + 3CO2
29 of 91
In this reaction, the iron oxide is reduced to ____, and the carbon is oxidised to ______ _______
iron, carbon dioxide
30 of 91
Copper is ____ and easily bent
soft
31 of 91
Copper is a good conductor of ___________
electricity
32 of 91
Copper is useful for ______
wiring
33 of 91
Copper is a good conductor of ____
heat
34 of 91
Copper does not react with _____
water
35 of 91
Some copper ores have a high _____________ of copper compounds
concentration
36 of 91
Copper can be extracted from these ores by heating them in a _______
furnace
37 of 91
This process is called ________
smelting
38 of 91
The copper is purified using a process called ____________
electrolysis
39 of 91
_________ is passed through solutions containing copper _________
electricity, compounds
40 of 91
During electrolysis, __________ charged copper ____ move towards a negative electrode
positively, ions
41 of 91
They are then deposited as copper _____
metal
42 of 91
The _____ is positive in electrolysis
anode
43 of 91
The _______ is negative in electrolysis
cathode
44 of 91
Some ______ absorb copper compounds through their _____
plants, roots
45 of 91
As a result of this, the compounds are ____________
concentrated
46 of 91
The plants are then ______ to produce an ash that contains the ______ _________
burned, copper compounds
47 of 91
This method of extraction is called ___________
phytomining
48 of 91
Some ________ absorb copper compounds
bacteria
49 of 91
They then produce solutions called _________ which contain ______ _________
leachates, copper compounds
50 of 91
This method of extraction is called ___________
bioleaching
51 of 91
_________ and ________ are two metals with a low density
aliminuim, titanium
52 of 91
Titanium and aliminuim are ___________ for their size
lightweight
53 of 91
Titanium and aliminuim have a thin layer of their ______ on their _______
oxides, surface
54 of 91
The thin layer of oxide on the surface stops ___ and _____ getting to the metal
air, water
55 of 91
Aliminuim and titanium resist _________
corrosion
56 of 91
What does corrosion mean?
corrosion: to rust, deteriorate, or get weaker due to the action of water, air or an acid
57 of 91
Name two common uses for aliminuim
any from: trains, aircraft, saucepans, overhead power cables, cooking foil
58 of 91
Name two common uses for titanium
any from: fighter aircraft, artificial hip joints, pipes in nuclear power stations
59 of 91
Aliminuim and titanium ______ be extracted from there ______ by reduction with ______
cannot, oxides, carbon
60 of 91
Aliminuim is extensively ________
recycled
61 of 91
Less ______ is needed to recycle aliminuim than to extract it from its ___
energy, ore
62 of 91
Recycling causes less damage to the ___________
environment
63 of 91
The properties of a metal are changed by adding other ________ to it
elements
64 of 91
A mixture of two or more elements, where at least one element is metal, is called an _____
alloy
65 of 91
Alloys contain atoms of different _____
sizes
66 of 91
It is more difficult for the atom layers to ___________________
slide over each other
67 of 91
Alloys are ______ than pure metal
harder
68 of 91
Pure copper, gold, iron and aliminuim are too ____ for many uses
soft
69 of 91
They are mixed with other similar metals to make them _____, therefore suitable for everyday use
harder
70 of 91
_____, used in electrical fittings, is 70% copper and 30% zinc
brass
71 of 91
__ _____ ____, used in jewellery, is 75% gold and 25% copper and other metals
18 carat gold
72 of 91
_________, used in aircraft manufacture, is 96% aliminuim and 4% copper and other metals
duralumin
73 of 91
Pure iron is ____ and ______ ______
soft, easily shaped
74 of 91
Pure iron is soft because its atoms are arranged in a _______ way that lets layers of atoms _____ ____ ____ _____
regular, slide over each other
75 of 91
Pure iron is too ____ for many uses
soft
76 of 91
Most iron from a blast furnace is converted into _____ by removing some of the carbon
steel
77 of 91
Carbon is removed from molten iron by blowing ______ into it
oxygen
78 of 91
The oxygen _____ with the carbon
reacts
79 of 91
This reaction produces carbon dioxide and carbon ________
monoxide
80 of 91
The carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide is ________ from the molten metal
released
81 of 91
Other metals are added to create ______ with specific properties
alloys
82 of 91
There are many differnt types of _____, depending on which ________ are mixed with the iron
steel, elements
83 of 91
In low carbon steel, the iron is alloyed with __________
0.25% carbon
84 of 91
A property of low carbon steel is that it is ______ ______
easily shaped
85 of 91
Low carbon steel can be used for ___ ____ ______
car body panels
86 of 91
In high carbon steel, the iron is alloyed with ____________
2.5% carbon
87 of 91
A property of high carbon steel is that it is ____
hard
88 of 91
High carbon steel can be used for _______ _____
cutting tools
89 of 91
In stainless steel, the iron is alloyed with _____ ______
chromium and nickel
90 of 91
Stainless steel can be used for ____________
cutlery and sinks
91 of 91

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The Earth's _____ contains metals and metal compounds such as gold, iron oxide and aliminuim oxide

Back

crust

Card 3

Front

To become useful, the metals have to be _________ from whatever they are mixed with

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a metal ore?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Ores are _____

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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