2304 Bio: Memory

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  • Created by: Paula379
  • Created on: 12-02-19 17:24
What is episodic memory?
Person's unique memory of a specific event.
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What is semantic/reference memory?
Person's memory of common knowledge.
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What is forgetting?
Inaccessible memory.
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What is proactive interference (PI)?
Previous information hinders subsequent learning.
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What is retroactive interference (RI)?
Future information hinders the memory of previously learned information.
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What is delayed matching to sample?
Modern Skinner box technique for studying delayed reaction.
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What are the variations in the delayed matching to sample?
Oddity from sample, symbolic matching to sample & multiple samples.
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What is oddity from sample?
Choose the comparison that doesn't match.
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What is symbolic matching to sample?
Comparison stimuli aren't the same as the sample & the subject must learn to "code", connecting them.
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What is multiple samples?
Design becomes a test of recognition or a list recognition task.
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What did Grant & Roberts (1973) find - PI?
Rats performance was worse when one sample was immediately followed by the other.
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What did Grant (1988) find - RI?
After pigeons pecked red sample, the chamber illumination increased and performance decreased.
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What is the radial arm maze?
Used with rats, apparatus consisting of 8 arms, food at the end of each arm.
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What did Olton & Samuelson (1976) find?
Rats may have stereotyped response patterns so rats are forced down specific arms & new arms are introduced to reduce response bias.
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What did Hoffman & Maki (1986) find - PI?
Animals performed worse because of exposure phase.
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What did Roberts (1981) - RI?
Animals not good in original maze because of interpolated mazes (3 similar mazes).
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What is retrospective coding in relation to rats and mazes?
Remembering the arm just visited.
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What is prospective coding in relation to rats and mazes?
Remembering the arms you have yet to visit.
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What is delayed symbolic matching to sample?
Pigeon pecks 90 degree vertical bar if the circle is red, pecks 12.5 degree horizontal bar if the circle is orange - matching colour to orientation.
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What is consolidation?
Initial memory trace is fragile & relatively short-term & needs to be transformed into a more durable trace for the long-term.
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What did Gordon (1981) find?
Memories that are "lost" are successfully retrieved following a reminder.
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What did Clayton & Dickinson (1998) find?
Scrub-jays had episodic memory - able to remember what, where & when they stored food.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is semantic/reference memory?

Back

Person's memory of common knowledge.

Card 3

Front

What is forgetting?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is proactive interference (PI)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is retroactive interference (RI)?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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