a substance that provides OH-ions when dissolved in water
1 of 21
State the Brønsted–Lowry theory
an acid is any
substance (molecule or ion) that can transfer a
proton (H+ ion) to another substance, and a base
is any substance that can accept a proton
2 of 21
Define a strong acid
an acid that dissociates completely
in water to give H+ ions and is a strong electrolyte
3 of 21
Define a weak acid
an acid that dissociates incompletely
in water and is a weak electrolyte
4 of 21
Define a conjugate base
the species A- formed by loss
of H+ from an acid HA
5 of 21
Define a hydronium ion
the protonated water molecule, H3O+
6 of 21
Define the ion-product constant for water, Kw
[H3O+][OH-] = 1.0 3 10-14
7 of 21
Define pH
the negative base-10 logarithm of the molar
hydronium ion concentration
8 of 21
Define an acid-base indicator
a substance that changes
color in a specific pH range
9 of 21
Define a strong base
a base that dissociates or reacts
completely with water to give OH- ions and is a
strong electrolyte
10 of 21
Define an acid-dissociation constant (Kc)
the
equilibrium constant for the dissociation of an
acid in water
11 of 21
Define a polyprotic acid
an acid that contains more
than one dissociable proton
12 of 21
Define a base-dissociation constant Kb
the equilibrium constant for the reaction of a base with water
13 of 21
Define a Lewis Acid
an electron-pair acceptor
14 of 21
Define a Lewis Base
an electron-pair donor
15 of 21
State the • Ion–product constant for water
Kw = [H3O+][OH-] = 1.0 x 10-14 at 25 °C
16 of 21
State the equation for pH
pH = -log [H3O+] or [H3O+] = 10-pH
17 of 21
State the acid–dissociation constant for a weak acid, HA
State the Base–dissociation or base–protonation constant for a weak base, B
Kb = [BH+][OH-]/[B] pKb = - log Kb
20 of 21
State the Relation between Ka and Kb for a conjugate acid–base pair
Ka x Kb = Kw pKa + pKb = pKw = 14.00
21 of 21
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
State the Brønsted–Lowry theory
Back
an acid is any
substance (molecule or ion) that can transfer a
proton (H+ ion) to another substance, and a base
is any substance that can accept a proton
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