OCR F221 Human Biology

Human Biology Questions – Unit F221: Molecules, Blood and Gas Exchange

1.1.1 The Blood

1:       How are blood samples taken?

2:       How are blood smears made?

3:       How is differential staining of blood smears done to show leucocytes?

4:       How do you use a haemocytometer to count the number of erythrocytes, what dilution would you use?

5:       How do you use a haemocytometer to count the number of leucocytes, what dilution would you use?

6:       Describe the structure of erythrocytes and how it relates to its function.

7:       Describe the structure of neutrophils and how it relates to its function.

8:       Describe the structure of lymphocytes and how it relates to its function.

9:       Describe the structure of monocytes and macrophages and how it relates to its function.

10:   Describe the structure of platelets and how it relates to it function.

11:   What does the nucleus do?

12:   What does the nucleolus do?

13:   What do ribosomes do?

14:   What does rough endoplasmic reticulum do?

15:   What does smooth endoplasmic reticulum do?

16:   What does the Golgi body do?

17:   What do vesicles do?

18:   What do lysosomes do?

19:   What does mitochondria do?

20:   What does the cell surface membrane do?

21:   What does in the cytoskeleton do?

22:   What 3 things does a palisade mesophyll cell contain that a leucocyte doesn’t?

23:   What is the equation to find out magnification?

24:   What is the fluid mosaic model/ what does the fluid mosaic model show?

25:   What functions do a phospholipids performs?

26:   In relation to the fluid mosaic model, what do proteins do?

27:   In relation to the fluid mosaic model what does cholesterol do?

28:   What do glycoproteins and glycolipids do in the phospholipid bilayer?

29:   What do the membranes do within and at the surface of a cell?

1.1.2 Molecules

1:       Describe the basic structure of amino acids?

2:       Draw a diagram of an amino acid.

3:       How do two amino acids join together?

4:       What is it called when two amino acids are joined together?

5:       What bond forms between two amino acids?

6:       Describe the primary structure of an amino acid.

7:       Describe the secondary structure of an amino acid.

8:       Describe the tertiary structure of an amino acid?

9:       Describe the quaternary structure of an amino acid.

10:   What type of protein is Haemoglobin?

11:   What is a globular protein?

12:   How does haemoglobin carry oxygen?

13:   What is plasma made up of and what is it function?

14:   What is tissue fluid made up of and what is its function?

15:   What is lymph made up of and what is its function?

16:   What is the normal composition of blood plasma?

17:   Why is water an…