History - Factors affecting developments in surgery

War led to:

• Mobile X-ray units
• blood transfusions
• blood preservation
• blood banks

And:

• Gillies, plastic surgery
• lighter, more flexible, prosthetics

War needed scientific development, technological work ad communication to succeed. 

Science and Technology: 

• Gillies predicle tube system
• the development of lighter metal alloys
• Lewisohn's discovery that sodium citrate slowed blood…