Geography coasts shape

The coast has ene

rgy due to the waves. winds are strong enough to start producing waves!

Swash - is when the water rushes up the beach

Backwash - is when the water drains back down the beach

Constructive waves -

• Height = low
• Length = long
• Frequency = fewer than 10 a minute
• Energy = low
• Beach gradient = flat
• Main process = deposition
• Stronger swash

Destructive waves-

• Height = high
• Length = short
• Frequency = more than 10 a minute
• Energy = high
• Beach gradient = steep
• Main process = erosion
• Stronger backwash

Wavelength - average distance between successive wave crest

Waveheight - vertical distance between a wave trough and a wave crest

Erosion Processes -

• Corrasion = particles carried by the waves then crash against the cliffs
• Corrosion = the acids in the seawater dissolve the chalk and limestone cliffs. the material produced is carried away by the process of solution
• Hydraulic Action = waves break against cliffs by their sheer weight and power. it traps the air in the cracks of the rock. The air is compressed by the waves, causing the rocks to break apart
• Attrition = particles carried by the waves crash against each other and are broken u into smaller particles

land processes -

• Erosion = the gradual breakdown of rocks by wind, water or other natural ingradients
• Weathering = the breakdown of rocks 'in situ' which is caused by freeze thaw and the growth of salt crystals, by acid rain
• Mass Movement = the removal of cliff face material under the influence of gravity in the form of rock falls, slumping and landslides

Transportation -

• Traction = large pebbles/boulders roll along the sea bed
• Saltation = bouncing/hopping movement of sands and gravel along the sea bed. The s-ediment is picked up and dropped when the current falls
•  Suspension = finer sand and silt is carried along in the flow
• Solution = minerals dissolve in the water such as those contained in limestone rock

Wave Cut Platforms - form when destructive waves hit against the cliff face, casuing undercutting between the high and low marks, mainly as a result of corrosion and hydraulic action, creating a wave notch. This notch then enlarges into a cave.

Marine Transportstion and Landforms…