BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES: Monosaccharides & Disaccharides

Module 2.2 Biological Molecules: Carbohydrates - Sugar

Monosaccharides: the simplest carbohydrates. They're soluble in water and insoluble in non-polar solvents. An example is glucose - a monosaccharide hexose sugar.

Disaccharide: made whent two monosaccharides join together. They're sweet and soluble.

• a-glucose + a-glucose --> maltose
• b-glucose + b-glucose --> cellobiose
• a-glucose + fructose --> sucrose
• b-galactose + a-glucose --> lactose 

Breaking + Making Bonds

Breaking bonds = hydrolysis (addition of water molecules)

Making bonds = condensation (removal of water molecules)

Alpha Glucose

- Hexose sugar, a component of starch and glycogen.

- A-glucose = above so the hydrogen molecule on C1 is above the carbon.

- A-glucose = animals so it is a component of…