Types of Biopsy

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Fine Needle Aspirate

  • Procedure under aseptic conditions
  • Insert needle and withdraw plunger repeatedly
  • Express onto a microscope slide
  • Ideal for: superficial masses, as an initial diagnostic technique
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Impression Smear

  • Place a microscope over the tumour
  • Only thin smear needed
  • Stain with diffquick
  • Suitable for superficial / open tumours
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Needle Core Biopsy

  • GA required
  • Invasive
  • Ultrasound Guided
  • Make stab incision and insert biopsy needle, advance cutting cannula
  • ideal for internal tumours
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Bone Marrow Aspiration

  • Used to take aspiration on boney prominences
    • Greater tubercle of proximal humerus
    • Iliac crest of pelvis
    • Trochanteric fossa of femur
  • Jamshidi needle used to get bone core aspiration
  • Requires skill
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Punch Biopsy

  • Used with superficial tumours
  • Anaesthetic required
  • Push punch onto area and twist, then cut attached tissue
  • Push sample onto tongue depressor for fixing
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Incisional/ Wedge Biopsy

  • Performed on suspected malignant tumours
  • Sx removed wedge of tumour with area of normal skin
  • Risk of dissemination
  • Plan removal for future Sx
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Excisional Biopsy

  • Sx removal of all identifiable tumour and margin of healthy tissue
  • Curative for benign tumours
  • 1st Sx incision = best chance of cure
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Preservatives

  • 10% formalin
  • no more than 60mls in sample being sent
  • 10x more fixative than volume of sample
  • large samples sliced into 5mm parts
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