blood disorders

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  • Created by: Cal1234
  • Created on: 18-04-19 15:58
what is another name for anaemia
erythropaenia
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what are the two types of anemia
regenerative, non-regenerative
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what are the two causes of regenerative anemia
hemorrhage, haemolysis
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what are the four causes of haemorrhage
wounds, parasites, rodenticide toxicity, inherited coagulopathies (hemophilia, von willebrands)
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what are the 3 causes of hemolysis
immune mediated haemolytic anemia IMHA, drug reaction/toxicity, infectious (mycoplasma haemofelis)
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what are the two causes of non-regenerative anemia
medullary disorders, non-meduallry disorders
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what are the 3 medullary disorders which cause non-regenerative anemia
primary(inherited), infiltration(neoplasia), mylosuppression(FELV, B12 deficiency, lead toxicity)
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what are the four non-medullary disorder which cause non-regenerative anemia
chronic disease - liver failure, neoplasia, inflammatory(pyo), renal failure
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what is leukaemia
any hemopoietic tumour originating from the bone marrow, usually causes anemia due to infiltration of bone marrow
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what are the 9 signs of anemia
palle mm, poor coat, exercise intolerance/lethargy, collapse, for appetite, tachypnoea, dyspnoea, hypothermia, petechiae(if bleeding disorder)
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what do you do for small animal/exotic anemia
may only be noticeable through behavior/loos of appetite, check fro parasites, blood check PCV, faecal sampling for internal parasites
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what is a bleeding disorder
any disease that cause problems with the body natural ability to clot normally
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what is a clotting disorder
a disease that increases the bodys tendency to form clots
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what is bleeding
the escape of blood from a ruptured blood vessel externally or internally
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what are the 4 areas bleeding may occur from
a capillary bed, an artery, a vein, a mixture
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what are the three types of haemorrhage
primary, reactionary, secondary
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what is primary haemorrhage
initial bleeding
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what is reactionary hemorrhage
bleeding reoccurs 24-48h later - slipped ligatures, dislodged clots, normalized blood pressure
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what is secondary haemorrage
bleeding reoccurs 3-10 days later due to bacterial infection of the wound
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what are the three types of sings of bleeding disorders
hemorrhages on skin or mm, bleeding into body cavities, signs of anemia
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what are the two types of hemorrhages on skin or mm
petechiae - pin points, ecchymosis - large areas
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what are the 2 types of bleeding into body cavities
pleural - dyspnoea, peritoneal space - abdominal distension
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nursing care of bleeding disorders
avoid trauma, take samples from peripheral veins and apply pressure, avoid IM injections, monitor vital signs
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what are the three lab tests
primary homeostasis evaluation, secondary homeostasis evaluation, fibrinolysis evaluation
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what is the test for primary homeostasis
platelet tuber- buccal mucosalbleeding time BMBT
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what are the 3 tests for secondary haemostsis evaluation
activated clotting time ACT, avitvated partial thromboplastin time APTT, prothrombin time PT
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what is the test for evaluating fibrinolysis
fibrin degradation products measured
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what are the two types of anemia

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regenerative, non-regenerative

Card 3

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what are the two causes of regenerative anemia

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Card 4

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what are the four causes of haemorrhage

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Card 5

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what are the 3 causes of hemolysis

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