R.E Section 3 UNIT 11

Arafat A plain near Makkah where pilgrims confess their sins 

Qiblah The direction of the Kabah in Makkah

Shahadah -The declaration of faith in Allah and His Prophets.

Hajj The annual piligrimage to Makkah

Ramadan The ninth month when the Quran says all Muslims must fast

Tawaf Going around the Kabah seven times in worship of Allah

Id-ul-Adha The festival of the sacrifice 

Salah The five daily prayers

Wudu The Washing that must take place before Salah

Id-ul-Fitr The festival of breaking the fast

Sawm Fasting by going without food and drink during daylight hours

Zakah A tax Muslims must pay for the poor

It is significant because:

• it is repeated in Salah
• Recited in the adhan
• Whisper it to a new born baby
• Teach it to children

By saying it a Muslim is saying:

• They only worhsip Allah as a god. They must commit to him and obey his commands.
• Accepts Islam.

Muslims believe that:

• All men and all things were made by Allah and belong to Allah
• Everything humans have is on loan so it is not ours
• Part of the responsibility of each individual is to share

Significance of Zakah:

• Shows submission
• Purifies possessions
• Acknowledges greatness of Allah
• Commanded in the Quran
• Removes selfishness
• Creates equality 

Why Muslims fast:

• It is commanded in the Quran
• encourages fellowship with other Muslims
• special time to give thanks for the Holy Quran
• Fasting is a spiritual experience, purifies and creates self control.

Fasting:

• develops self control
• allows you to spend more time focusing on salah and ibadah
• helps you to empathise with those who suffer
• increases spiritual strength
• focuses you on self-purification
• strengthens the ummah

Importance:

• time for forgiveness and for making amends
• unites human beings in common joy
• time for giving and sharing
• time to appreciate family values

In Hajj:

• ihram is put on
• tawaf is performed
• fast walk between as-safa and al-marwah
• visiting mina for midday prayers
• standing at Araft from noon to sunset
• visiting muzdalifah to ollect pebbles
• stoning the pillars in Mina
• celebrating id-ul-adha

During Hajj, pilgrims are forbidden to:

• have sexual relations
• shave hair or cut nails
• use perfume or scented oils
• kill or hunt
• fight or argue

Significance of events in Makkah:

• The kabah is the earthly focus for prayer
• reminds Muslims that they are part of the ummah
• obeying Allah is the central focus of a Muslims life
• makkah is the holiest city for Muslims
• following in the footsteps of Muhammad

Significance:

• Allah forgives the sins Muslims confess so that they can start their lives afresh
• Muslims show commitment to Allah by obeying his command
• standing at Arafat is preparation for standing before Allah on the day of judgement
• Taking part in the experience reminds Muslims that they are only a small part of Allah's creation; develops humility
• After the experience, most Muslims return home feeling better able to live their lives as Allah commanded

Significance:

• reminds Muslims that Allah is great and that they must try to worship Allah in every aspect of their lives
• helps those who were not on hajj to share the spirit of hajj with those of their family or community 
• the sacrifice of an animal reminds Muslims that they should be prepared to give up everything to serve Allah
• the history behind the activities of hajj reminds Muslims that their faith is not new but was ordained by Allah from the very beginning of time.